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annotate doc/components.rst @ 3739:0a87cae85746
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author | Goffi <goffi@goffi.org> |
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date | Tue, 22 Mar 2022 17:00:42 +0100 |
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3678 | 1 .. _components: |
2 | |
3 =================== | |
4 Libervia Components | |
5 =================== | |
6 | |
7 Libervia can act as an XMPP server component, which can be seen as a generic plugin for | |
8 XMPP servers. | |
9 | |
10 This page explains which components are available and how to use them. | |
11 | |
12 Running a component | |
13 =================== | |
14 | |
15 Components are linked to a Libervia profile in the same way as normal clients. | |
16 | |
17 To run a component, you'll need to know its *entry point*, which is the name of the import | |
18 name of plugin managing it. The entry point to use will be specified in the component | |
19 installation documentation. | |
20 | |
21 You'll also have to declare the component on your XMPP server, this is a server dependent | |
22 step and you'll have to check your server documentation for details. You'll have to | |
23 specify a **shared secret** (can also be named simply *password*) that must be set both on | |
24 the XMPP server and as the XMPP password of the Libervia profile. | |
25 | |
26 Here is a list of relevant documentation for most common servers: | |
27 | |
28 ejabberd | |
29 https://docs.ejabberd.im/admin/configuration/listen-options/ | |
30 | |
31 MongooseIm | |
32 https://esl.github.io/MongooseDocs/latest/configuration/listen/#xmpp-components-listenservice | |
33 | |
34 OpenFire | |
35 use the web-based admin panel | |
36 | |
37 Prosody | |
38 https://prosody.im/doc/components | |
39 | |
40 Tigase | |
41 https://docs.tigase.net/tigase-server/stable-snapshot/Administration_Guide/webhelp/externalComponentConfiguration.html | |
42 | |
43 | |
44 On Libervia, setup is done with Libervia CLI's :ref:`profile create <li_profile_create>` | |
45 command. | |
46 | |
47 You'll usually want to have the component to start automatically when the backend | |
48 is started, for this you must unset the profile password (not to be confused with the XMPP | |
49 password which is the one also set on the server configuration) with ``-p ""`` and set | |
50 auto-connection with ``-A``. | |
51 | |
52 You'll specify the XMPP password (also named *shared secret* in `XEP-0144`_ terminology) | |
53 with ``-x <your_shared_secret>`` and the JID to use with ``-j | |
54 <component_subdomain>.<server.tld>``. | |
55 | |
56 The component entry point is specified with ``-C <entry_point>``. | |
57 | |
58 .. _XEP-0144: https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0114.html | |
59 | |
60 example | |
61 ------- | |
62 | |
63 Louise wants to run an ActivityPub gateway on her server ``example.org`` with the JID | |
64 ``ap.example.org``. The shared secret is ``xmpp_rocks`` and she wants the component to | |
65 start automatically with the backend, thus she doesn't set a profile password. The | |
66 entry-point for ActivityPub component is ``ap-gateway``, and she wants to use the same | |
67 name for the profile. To do this, she enters the following command:: | |
68 | |
69 $ li profile create ap-gateway -j ap.example.org -p "" -x xmpp_rocks -C ap-gateway -A | |
70 | |
71 The component will then be started next time Libervia Backend is launched. If Louise | |
72 wants to connect it immediately, she can use:: | |
73 | |
74 $ li profile connect -cp ap-gateway | |
75 | |
76 Available Components | |
77 ==================== | |
78 | |
79 Below is a list of currently available components in Libervia, and instructions on what | |
80 they do and how to use them. | |
81 | |
82 | |
83 File Sharing | |
84 ------------ | |
85 | |
86 **entry_point:** ``file-sharing`` | |
87 | |
88 File Sharing component manage the hosting of user files. Users can upload file there using | |
89 either `Jingle File Transfer`_ or `HTTP File Upload`_. | |
90 | |
91 There is no limit to the size of files which can be uploaded, but administrators can set a | |
92 quota to limit the space that can be used. | |
93 | |
94 Files can be retrieved using `File Information Sharing`_, and deleted using `Ad-Hoc Commands`_. | |
95 | |
96 Files can be shared with a public HTTP link, or made available only to a specified list of | |
97 entities (JIDs). Permissions can be set through Ad-Hoc Commands. | |
98 | |
99 .. _Jingle File Transfer: https://xmpp.org/extensions/ | |
100 .. _HTTP File Upload: https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0363.html | |
101 .. _File Information Sharing: https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0329.html | |
102 .. _Ad-Hoc Commands: https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0050.html | |
103 | |
104 Configuration | |
105 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ | |
106 | |
107 All options are to be set in ``[component file-sharing]`` section. | |
108 | |
109 ``http_upload_port`` | |
110 port to use for HTTP File Upload | |
111 | |
112 **default**: 8888 | |
113 | |
114 ``http_upload_connection_type`` | |
115 either ``http`` or ``https``. | |
116 | |
117 **default**: ``https`` | |
118 | |
119 Note that HTTP Upload should always be ``https`` to end-user, the ``http`` option is to | |
120 be used only if you use a HTTP server as a proxy, and this server is already set for | |
121 TLS. | |
122 | |
123 ``http_upload_public_facing_url`` | |
124 must be set to the URL that end-user will see. Notably useful if the component is behind | |
125 a proxy. | |
126 | |
127 **default**: ``https://<component host>:<http_upload_port`` | |
128 | |
129 ``quotas_json`` | |
130 a JSON object indicating quotas to use for users. The object can have 3 keys: | |
131 | |
132 ``admins`` | |
133 quotas to use for administrators (i.e. profiles set in ``admins_list``) | |
134 | |
135 ``users`` | |
136 quotas to use for normal users (i.e. non admin profiles) | |
137 | |
138 ``jids`` | |
139 per-jid specific quotas. The value is a JSON object where key is a user bare jid and | |
140 value is a quota. | |
141 | |
142 Quotas can be either ``null`` for unlimited space, or a size value (`SI prefixes and | |
143 binary prefixes`_ can be used). | |
144 | |
145 example:: | |
146 | |
147 quotas_json = { | |
148 "admins": null, | |
149 "users": "50 Mio", | |
150 "jids": {"pierre@example.org": "1 Gio"} | |
151 } | |
152 | |
153 .. _SI prefixes and binary prefixes: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octet_(computing)#Unit_multiples | |
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154 |
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155 |
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156 ActivityPub Gateway |
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157 ------------------- |
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158 |
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159 **entry_point:** ``ap-gateway`` |
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160 |
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161 .. note:: |
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162 |
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163 this component is currently in active development, and not yet fully functional. This |
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164 documentation will be updated during evolution of component. |
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165 |
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166 You can follow the development by reading `Libervia Progress Notes`_. |
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167 |
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168 .. _Libervia Progress Notes: https://www.goffi.org/tag/Libervia%20progress |
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169 |
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170 This gateway will provide a bidirectional gateway between XMPP and `ActivityPub`_ (or AP |
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171 below). That means that user from XMPP will be able to follow actors or comments messages |
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172 from any software compatible with ActivityPub protocol, and vice versa. |
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173 |
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174 .. _ActivityPub: https://activitypub.rocks/ |
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175 |
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176 .. note:: |
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177 |
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178 this component is mostly tested with Prosody as XMPP server reference, and Mastodon as |
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179 AP server reference, but it should work with any XMPP or AP server. |
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180 |
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181 The component launches a HTTP server (necessary to communicate with AP software). This |
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182 server needs to handle HTTP requests made at paths ``/.well-known/webfinger`` and ``/_ap`` |
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183 (or the ``ap_path`` set in configuration, see below). If the component is not directly |
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184 facing internet (e.g. integrated in an existing website though a proxy), you'll have to |
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185 redirect the requests made to those path to the HTTP server (i.e. to component host at the |
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186 port set at ``http_port``, see configuration below). Please check your HTTP server |
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187 documentation to find how this must be done. |
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188 |
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189 |
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190 Configuration |
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191 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
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192 |
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193 All options are to be set in ``[component ap-gateway]`` section. |
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194 |
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195 ``public_url`` |
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196 Main user-facing domain of the HTTP server, this will be used to construct all AP URLs |
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197 |
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198 **default**: if not set, ``xmpp_domain`` is used. If ``xmpp_domain`` is not set either, |
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199 an error is raised. |
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200 |
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201 ``http_port`` |
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202 port where the HTTP server should listen. Port ``80`` is not used directly as it would |
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203 require root privileges, and it is strongly recommended against launching Libervia under |
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204 a privileged account. An HTTP Proxy or a port redirection should be set to redirect the |
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205 ``80`` port to the port specified here. |
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206 |
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207 **default**: ``8123`` |
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208 |
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209 ``http_connection_type`` |
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210 either ``http`` or ``https``. If you have a HTTP proxy such as Apache or NGINX which |
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211 already handles HTTPS, you may want to use ``http``. |
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212 |
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213 **default**: ``https`` |
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214 |
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215 Note that the HTTP server should always use ``https`` with end-user, the ``http`` option |
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216 is only to be used with an HTTPS proxy. |
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217 |
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218 ``local_only`` |
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219 A boolean value indicating if the gateway is allowed to convert pubsub node from |
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220 external XMPP service or not. A JID is considered external if its domain part doesn't |
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221 end with the gateway's server. For instance, if a gateway ``ap.example.org`` is set on |
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222 the server ``example.org``, the JIDs ``pierre@example.org`` or |
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223 ``some-node@pubsub.example.org`` will be considered local, but |
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224 ``buenaventura@example.net`` won't (note the different domain). |
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225 |
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226 Most of time, ``local_only`` should be used. |
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227 |
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228 **default**: ``true`` |
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229 |
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230 ``ap_path`` |
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231 Path prefix to use for ActivityPub request. It's usually not necessary to change the |
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232 default value. |
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233 |
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234 **default**: ``_ap`` |
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235 |
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236 |
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237 .. _ap-actor-from-xmpp: |
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238 |
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239 How to Address an AP Actor from XMPP |
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240 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
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241 |
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242 When addressing an ActivityPub actor from XMPP, you must use a JID corresponding to the |
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243 actor. The domain part of the JID correspond to the gateway JID (the one set in gateway |
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244 profile), while the local part (before the ``@``) is used to specify the AP actor. |
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245 |
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246 `XEP-0106`_ (JID Escaping) is used to indicate the AP actor identifier, thus the ``@`` |
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247 must be escaped with ``\40``. |
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248 |
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249 .. _XEP-0106: JID Escaping |
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250 |
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251 **example** |
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252 |
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253 If Louise wants to talk to Pierre which is on the ``example.net`` AP server, she can use |
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254 her XMPP AP gateway which is at ``ap.example.org``. Pierre AP's actor identifier is |
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255 ``pierre@example.net``, Louise can access it via the JID |
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256 ``pierre\40example.net@ap.example.org``. |
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257 |
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258 Of course, this is a bit cumbersome to do by hand, it is expected that XMPP clients will |
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259 do the (un)escaping automatically for end-user, in a way that Louise could enter |
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260 ``pierre@example.net`` directly, with an indicator to show that this is an ActivityPub |
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261 actor identifier rather than an XMPP JID. |
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262 |
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263 |
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264 .. _xmpp-node-from-ap: |
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265 |
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266 How to Address an XMPP Entity from AP |
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267 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
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268 |
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269 To access an XMPP entity, it is a little bit more complicated for 2 reasons: |
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270 |
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271 - XMPP use a wider range of allowed characters than most AP implementations [#AP_chars]_. |
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272 - to get XMPP items, we need 2 data: the entity JID, and a pubsub node |
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273 |
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274 |
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275 However, Libervia AP gateway tries to make it as user friendly as possible, thus it works |
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276 like this: |
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277 |
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278 - in the most common case, one just wants to access the personal blog of a user, and basic |
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279 ASCII characters (with possibly ``-``, ``_`` or ``.``) are used. in this case, the XMPP |
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280 JID can be directly used as AP actor handle |
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281 - when a pubsub node needs to be specified it is most of time with a pubsub JID which has |
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282 not user part (something like ``pubsub.example.org``). In this case, the pubsub node can |
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283 be used as AP actor handle's user part, Libervia will use XMPP discovery to know that |
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284 it's a pubsub service. So if you want to access the blog named ``xmpp_news`` at |
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285 ``pubsub.example.org``, you can use the handle ``xmpp_news@pubsub.example.org`` (be sure |
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286 that the domain ``pubsub.example.org`` links to the Libervia AP gateway HTTP server) |
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287 - if you want to use a specific node with an entity which already has a user part, then a |
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288 special encoding must be used, where ``---`` (three dashes) are used to separate node |
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289 from entity: ``some_node--some_user@example.org`` |
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290 - if you need to use special characters, then you'll have to use ``___`` followed by the |
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291 special encoding (see below). |
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292 |
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293 The encoding is explained in the documentation of the following method: |
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294 |
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295 .. automethod:: sat.plugins.plugin_comp_ap_gateway.APGateway.getJIDAndNode |
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296 |
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297 |
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298 .. [#AP_chars] Most if not all AP implementations use webfinger `acct` URI as a de-facto |
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299 standard to manage user-friendly handles (something like ``user@example.org``). Those |
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300 handles, according to `RFC7565`_, should |
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301 manage a wide variety of characters thanks to the support of percent-encoding. |
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302 |
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303 Unfortunately, at least one of the most-used AP implementation (Mastodon, which is used |
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304 a reference implementation for this gateway), only uses a limited subset of allowed |
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305 characters. In addition, Mastodon needs an associated handle [#m_wf]_ thus an alternate |
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306 way to encode characters had to be found. |
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307 |
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308 An issue has been opened to improve this situation on Mastodon bug tracker: |
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309 https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/issues/17222 |
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310 |
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311 .. _RFC7565: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7565 |
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312 .. [#m_wf] https://docs.joinmastodon.org/spec/webfinger/ |
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313 |
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314 **example** |
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315 |
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316 If Pierre wants to talk to Louise, he can directly use the JID which is the same as the AP |
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317 actor identifier, i.e. ``louise@example.org`` (note that on AP software, a ``@`` prefix is |
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318 often required, thus Pierre will look for ``@louise@example.org``). |
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319 |
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320 .. note:: |
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321 |
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322 The actor endpoint can also be used directly in AP software (in the example above, it |
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323 would be by default ``https://example.org/_ap/actor/louise%40example.org``). |
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324 |
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325 |
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326 Getting AP Message from XMPP |
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327 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
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328 |
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329 To retrieve ActivityPub messages of an actor from an XMPP client with blogging |
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330 capabilities (like Libervia or Movim), just use the associated JID as explained in |
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331 :ref:`ap-actor-from-xmpp`. The actor messages (from ``outbox`` collection) should appear |
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332 as regular XMPP blog items. |
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333 |
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334 .. note:: |
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335 |
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336 Due to limitation of `ActivityStream Collection Paging`_, the conversion from XMPP |
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337 `RSM`_ requests is inneficient beyond first or last page. This problem is avoided if |
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338 anybody subscribe to the gateway node (i.e. follow the AP actor), as the collection |
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339 will then be cached, and efficiently delivered. Note that subscription/following is NOT |
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340 IMPLEMENTED YET, but will be in the close future. |
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341 |
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342 .. _ActivityStream Collection Paging: https://www.w3.org/TR/activitystreams-core/#h-paging |
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343 .. _RSM: https://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0059.html |
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344 |
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345 .. note:: |
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346 |
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347 Only "root" items are currectly converted, i.e. items which are not replies to other |
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348 objects. Replies will be managed in the close future with AP collections caching. |
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349 |
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350 Getting XMPP Items from ActivityPub |
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351 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
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352 |
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353 To get XMPP items from an ActivityPub implementation, just use the handle as explained at |
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354 :ref:`xmpp-node-from-ap` (often handle searches are triggered with a ``@`` before the |
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355 handle in AP implementations, e.g.: ``@louise@example.org``). |
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356 |
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357 .. note:: |
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358 |
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359 Some AP implementations such as Mastodon don't retrieve existing items, but only keep |
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360 new ones once an actor is followed. That means that you won't see any message published |
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361 before your entity is followed. Other implementations may work differently. |
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362 |
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363 |
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364 Using the Component (for developers) |
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365 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
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366 |
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367 Publication of AP items can be tested using the following method (with can be accessed |
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368 through the ``APSend`` bridge method, client is then replaced by the ``profile`` name, as |
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369 last argument): |
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370 |
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371 .. automethod:: sat.plugins.plugin_comp_ap_gateway.APGateway.publishMessage |
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372 |
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373 The method can be used either with CLI's :ref:`debug bridge method |
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374 <li_debug_bridge_method>` or with any D-Bus tool like ``qdbus`` or ``d-feet`` (only if you |
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375 use the D-Bus bridge). |
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376 |
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377 example |
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378 ~~~~~~~ |
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379 |
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380 On its ``example.net`` Mastodon instance, Pierre has published a message with the id |
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381 ``https://example.net/@pierre/106986412193109832``. To send a reply to this message, |
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382 Louise can use the following command:: |
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383 |
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384 $ li debug bridge method -c APSend '"{\"node\": \"https://example.net/@pierre/106986412193109832\", \"content\": \"A lille hello from XMPP\"}","pierre\\40example.net@ap.example.org", "louise"' |
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385 |
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386 Note the double escaping, one for the shell argument, and the other to specify JSON |
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387 object. |