annotate mod_rest/README.markdown @ 4047:36b6e3e3f9e2

mod_conversejs: Disable automatic BOSH/WS endpoint discovery Converse.js 7.0 will enable this by default, but when using this module the BOSH and WebSocket endpoints are provided in the generated HTML, so automatic discovery is not needed and unlikely to work without an additional module.
author Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
date Thu, 18 Jun 2020 15:24:34 +0200
parents 2c6d5734ae04
children 5790c3cf615b
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1 ---
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2 labels:
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3 - 'Stage-Alpha'
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4 summary: RESTful XMPP API
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5 ---
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6
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7 # Introduction
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8
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9 This is yet another RESTful API for sending and receiving stanzas via
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10 Prosody. It can be used to build bots and components implemented as HTTP
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11 services.
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13 # Usage
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14
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15 ## Enabling
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16
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17 ``` {.lua}
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18 Component "rest.example.net" "rest"
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19 rest_credentials = "Bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K"
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20 ```
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21
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22 ## Sending stanzas
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23
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24 The API endpoint becomes available at the path `/rest`, so the full URL
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25 will be something like `https://your-prosody.example:5281/rest`.
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26
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27 To try it, simply `curl` an XML stanza payload:
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28
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29 ``` {.sh}
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30 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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31 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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32 -H 'Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml' \
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33 --data-binary '<message type="chat" to="user@example.org">
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34 <body>Hello!</body>
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35 </body>'
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36 ```
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37
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38 or a JSON payload:
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39
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40 ``` {.sh}
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41 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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42 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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43 -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
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44 --data-binary '{
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45 "body" : "Hello!",
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46 "kind" : "message",
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47 "to" : "user@example.org",
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48 "type" : "chat"
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49 }'
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50 ```
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51
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52 The `Content-Type` header is important!
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53
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54 ### Replies
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55
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56 A POST containing an `<iq>` stanza automatically wait for the reply,
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57 long-polling style.
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58
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59 ``` {.sh}
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60 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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61 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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62 -H 'Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml' \
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63 --data-binary '<iq type="get" to="example.net">
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64 <ping xmlns="urn:xmpp:ping"/>
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65 </iq>'
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66 ```
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67
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68 Replies to other kinds of stanzas that are generated by the same Prosody
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69 instance *MAY* be returned in the HTTP response. Replies from other
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70 entities (connected clients or remote servers) will not be returned, but
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71 can be forwarded via the callback API described in the next section.
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72
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73 ## Receiving stanzas
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74
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75 TL;DR: Set this webhook callback URL, get XML `POST`-ed there.
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76
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77 ``` {.lua}
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78 Component "rest.example.net" "rest"
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79 rest_credentials = "Bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K"
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80 rest_callback_url = "http://my-api.example:9999/stanzas"
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81 ```
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82
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83 To enable JSON payloads set
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84
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85 ``` {.lua}
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86 rest_callback_content_type = "application/json"
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87 ```
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88
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89 Example callback looks like:
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90
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91 ``` {.xml}
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92 POST /stanzas HTTP/1.1
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93 Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml
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94 Content-Length: 102
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95
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96 <message to="bot@rest.example.net" from="user@example.com" type="chat">
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97 <body>Hello</body>
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98 </message>
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99 ```
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100
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101 or as JSON:
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102
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103 ``` {.json}
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104 POST /stanzas HTTP/1.1
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105 Content-Type: application/json
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106 Content-Length: 133
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107
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108 {
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109 "body" : "Hello",
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110 "from" : "user@example.com",
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111 "kind" : "message",
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112 "to" : "bot@rest.example.net",
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113 "type" : "chat"
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114 }
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115 ```
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116
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117 ### Replying
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118
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119 To accept the stanza without returning a reply, respond with HTTP status
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120 code `202` or `204`.
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121
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122 HTTP status codes in the `4xx` and `5xx` range are mapped to an
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123 appropriate stanza error.
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124
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125 For full control over the response, set the `Content-Type` header to
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126 `application/xmpp+xml` and return an XMPP stanza as an XML snippet.
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127
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128 ``` {.xml}
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129 HTTP/1.1 200 Ok
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130 Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml
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131
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132 <message type="chat">
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133 <body>Yes, this is bot</body>
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134 </message>
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135 ```
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136
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137 ## Payload format
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138
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139 ### JSON
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140
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141 ``` {.json}
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142 {
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143 "body" : "Hello!",
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144 "kind" : "message",
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145 "type" : "chat"
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146 }
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147 ```
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148
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149 Further JSON object keys as follows:
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150
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151 #### Messages
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152
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153 `kind`
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154 : `"message"`
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155
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156 `type`
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157 : Commonly `"chat"` for 1-to-1 messages and `"groupchat"` for group
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158 chat messages. Others include `"normal"`, `"headline"` and
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159 `"error"`.
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160
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161 `body`
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162 : Human-readable message text.
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163
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164 `subject`
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165 : Message subject or MUC topic.
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166
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167 `html`
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168 : HTML.
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169
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170 `oob_url`
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171 : URL of an out-of-band resource, often used for images.
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172
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173 #### Presence
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174
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175 `kind`
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176 : `"presence"`
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177
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178 `type`
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179 : Empty for online or `"unavailable"` for offline.
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180
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181 `show`
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182 : [Online
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183 status](https://xmpp.org/rfcs/rfc6121.html#presence-syntax-children-show),
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184 `away`, `dnd` etc.
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185
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186 `status`
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187 : Human-readable status message.
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188
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189 `join`
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190 : Boolean. Join a group chat.
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191
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192 #### Info-Queries
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193
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194 Only one type of payload can be included in an `iq`.
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195
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196 `kind`
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197 : `"iq"`
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198
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199 `type`
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200 : `"get"` or `"set"` for queries, `"response"` or `"error"` for
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201 replies.
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202
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203 `ping`
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204 : Send a ping. Get a pong. Maybe.
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205
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206 `disco`
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207 : Retrieve service discovery information about an entity.
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208
3828
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209 `items`
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210 : Discover list of items (other services, groupchats etc).
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211
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212 ### XML
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213
3800
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214 ``` {.xml}
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215 <message type="" id="" to="" from="" xml:lang="">
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216 ...
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217 </message>
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218 ```
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219
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220 An XML declaration (`<?xml?>`) **MUST NOT** be included.
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221
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222 The payload MUST contain one (1) `message`, `presence` or `iq` stanza.
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223
3801
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224 The stanzas MUST NOT have an `xmlns` attribute, and the default/empty
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225 namespace is treated as `jabber:client`.
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226
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227 # Examples
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228
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229 ## Python / Flask
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230
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231 Simple echo bot that responds to messages as XML:
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232
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233 ``` {.python}
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234 from flask import Flask, Response, request
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235 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
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236
3809
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237 app = Flask("echobot")
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238
3808
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239
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240 @app.before_request
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241 def parse():
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242 request.stanza = ET.fromstring(request.data)
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243
3809
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244
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245 @app.route("/", methods=["POST"])
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246 def hello():
3809
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247 if request.stanza.tag == "message":
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248 return Response(
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249 "<message><body>Yes this is bot</body></message>",
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250 content_type="application/xmpp+xml",
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251 )
3808
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252
3809
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253 return Response(status=501)
3808
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254
3809
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255
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256 if __name__ == "__main__":
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257 app.run()
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258 ```
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259
3820
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260 And a JSON variant:
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261
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262 ``` {.python}
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263 from flask import Flask, Response, request, jsonify
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264
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265 app = Flask("echobot")
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266
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267
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268 @app.route("/", methods=["POST"])
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269 def hello():
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270 print(request.data)
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271 if request.is_json:
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272 data = request.get_json()
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273 if data["kind"] == "message":
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274 return jsonify({"body": "hello"})
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275
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276 return Response(status=501)
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277
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278
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279 if __name__ == "__main__":
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280 app.run()
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281 ```
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282
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283 Remember to set `rest_callback_content_type = "application/json"` for
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284 this to work.
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285
3857
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286 # JSON mapping
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287
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288 This section describes the JSON mapping. It can't represent any possible
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289 stanza, for full flexibility use the XML mode.
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290
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291 ## Stanza basics
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292
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293 `kind`
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294 : String representing the kind of stanza, one of `"message"`,
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295 `"presence"` or `"iq"`.
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296
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297 `type`
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298 : String with the type of stanza, appropriate values vary depending on
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299 `kind`, see [RFC 6121]. E.g.`"chat"` for *message* stanzas etc.
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300
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301 `to`
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302 : String containing the XMPP Address of the destination / recipient of
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303 the stanza.
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304
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305 `from`
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306 : String containing the XMPP Address of the sender the stanza.
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307
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308 `id`
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309 : String with a reasonably unique identifier for the stanza.
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310
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311 ## Basic Payloads
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312
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313 ### Messages
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314
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315 `body`
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316 : String, human readable text message.
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317
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318 `subject`
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319 : String, human readable summary equivalent to an email subject or the
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320 chat room topic in a `type:groupchat` message.
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321
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322 ### Presence
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323
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324 `show`
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325 : String representing availability, e.g. `"away"`, `"dnd"`. No value
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326 means a normal online status. See [RFC 6121] for the full list.
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327
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328 `status`
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329 : String with a human readable text message describing availability.
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330
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331 ## More payloads
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332
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333 ### Messages
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334
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335 `state`
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336 : String with current chat state, e.g. `"active"` (default) and
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337 `"composing"` (typing).
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338
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339 `html`
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340 : String with HTML allowing rich formating. **MUST** be contained in a
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341 `<body>` element.
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342
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343 `oob_url`
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344 : String with an URL of an external resource.
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345
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346 ### Presence
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347
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348 `join`
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349 : Boolean, used to join group chats.
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350
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351 ### IQ
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352
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353 `ping`
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354 : Boolean, a simple ping query. "Pongs" have only basic fields
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355 presents.
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356
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357 `version`
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358 : Map with `name`, `version` fields, and optionally an `os` field, to
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359 describe the software.
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360
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361 #### Service Discovery
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362
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363 `disco`
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364
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365 : Boolean `true` in a `kind:iq` `type:get` for a service discovery
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366 query.
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367
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368 Responses have a map containing an array of available features in
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369 the `features` key and an array of "identities" in the `identities`
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370 key. Each identity has a `category` and `type` field as well as an
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371 optional `name` field. See [XEP-0030] for further details.
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372
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373 `items`
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374 : Boolean `true` in a `kind:iq` `type:get` for a service discovery
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375 items list query. The response contain an array of items like
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376 `{"jid":"xmpp.address.here","name":"Description of item"}`.
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377
3953
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378 `extensions`
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379 : Map of extended feature discovery (see [XEP-0128]) data with
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380 `FORM_DATA` fields as the keys pointing at maps with the rest of the
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381 data.
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382
3890
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383 #### Ad-Hoc Commands
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384
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385 Used to execute arbitrary commands on supporting entities.
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386
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387 `command`
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388
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389 : String representing the command `node` or Map with the following
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390 possible fields:
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391
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392 `node`
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393 : Required string with node from disco\#items query for the
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394 command to execute.
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395
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396 `action`
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397 : Optional enum string defaulting to `"execute"`. Multi-step
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398 commands may involve `"next"`, `"prev"`, `"complete"` or
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399 `"cancel"`.
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400
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401 `actions`
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402 : Set (map of strings to `true`) with available actions to proceed
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403 with in multi-step commands.
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404
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405 `status`
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406 : String describing the status of the command, normally
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407 `"executing"`.
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408
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409 `sessionid`
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410 : Random session ID issued by the responder to identify the
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411 session in multi-step commands.
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412
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413 `note`
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414 : Map with `"type"` and `"text"` fields that carry simple result
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415 information.
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416
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417 `form`
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418 : Data form with description of expected input and data types in
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419 the next step of multi-step commands. **TODO** document format.
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420
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421 `data`
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422 : Map with only the data for result dataforms. Fields may be
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423 stings or arrays of strings.
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424
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425 ##### Example
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426
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427 Discovering commands:
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428
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429 ``` {.json}
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430 {
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431 "items" : {
3890
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432 "node" : "http://jabber.org/protocol/commands"
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433 },
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434 "id" : "8iN9hwdAAcfTBchm",
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435 "kind" : "iq",
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436 "to" : "example.com",
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437 "type" : "get"
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438 }
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439 ```
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440
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441 Response:
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442
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443 ``` {.json}
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444 {
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445 "from" : "example.com",
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446 "id" : "8iN9hwdAAcfTBchm",
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447 "items" : [
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448 {
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449 "jid" : "example.com",
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450 "name" : "Get uptime",
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451 "node" : "uptime"
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452 }
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453 ],
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454 "kind" : "iq",
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455 "type" : "result"
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456 }
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457 ```
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458
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459 Execute the command:
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460
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461 ``` {.json}
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462 {
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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463 "command" : {
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464 "node" : "uptime"
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465 },
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466 "id" : "Jv-87nRaP6Mnrp8l",
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467 "kind" : "iq",
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468 "to" : "example.com",
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469 "type" : "set"
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470 }
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471 ```
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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472
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473 Executed:
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474
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475 ``` {.json}
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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476 {
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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477 "command" : {
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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478 "node" : "uptime",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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479 "note" : {
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480 "text" : "This server has been running for 0 days, 20 hours and 54 minutes (since Fri Feb 7 18:05:30 2020)",
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481 "type" : "info"
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482 },
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483 "sessionid" : "6380880a-93e9-4f13-8ee2-171927a40e67",
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484 "status" : "completed"
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485 },
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486 "from" : "example.com",
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487 "id" : "Jv-87nRaP6Mnrp8l",
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488 "kind" : "iq",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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489 "type" : "result"
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490 }
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491 ```
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492
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493 - **TODO** Describe multi-step commands with dataforms.
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494
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495 # Compatibility
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496
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497 Requires Prosody trunk / 0.12