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mod_rest: Add JSON support
author Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
date Wed, 01 Jan 2020 16:21:28 +0100
parents a70f5a6c7f01
children d3757e089433
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1 ---
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2 labels:
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3 - 'Stage-Alpha'
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4 summary: RESTful XMPP API
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5 ---
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6
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7 # Introduction
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8
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9 This is yet another RESTful API for sending and receiving stanzas via
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10 Prosody. It can be used to build bots and components implemented as HTTP
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11 services.
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12
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13 # Usage
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14
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15 ## Enabling
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16
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17 ``` {.lua}
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18 Component "rest.example.net" "rest"
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19 rest_credentials = "Bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K"
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20 ```
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21
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22 ## Sending stanzas
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23
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24 The API endpoint becomes available at the path `/rest`, so the full URL
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25 will be something like `https://your-prosody.example:5281/rest`.
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26
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27 To try it, simply `curl` an XML stanza payload:
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28
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29 ``` {.sh}
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30 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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31 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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32 -H 'Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml' \
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33 --data-binary '<message type="chat" to="user@example.org">
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34 <body>Hello!</body>
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35 </body>'
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36 ```
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37
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38 or a JSON payload:
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39
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40 ``` {.sh}
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41 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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42 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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43 -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
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44 --data-binary '{
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45 "body" : "Hello!",
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46 "kind" : "message",
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47 "to" : "user@example.org",
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48 "type" : "chat"
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49 }'
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50 ```
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51
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52 The `Content-Type` header is important!
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53
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54 ### Replies
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55
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56 A POST containing an `<iq>` stanza automatically wait for the reply,
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57 long-polling style.
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58
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59 ``` {.sh}
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60 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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61 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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62 -H 'Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml' \
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63 --data-binary '<iq type="get" to="example.net">
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64 <ping xmlns="urn:xmpp:ping"/>
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65 </iq>'
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66 ```
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67
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68 Replies to other kinds of stanzas that are generated by the same Prosody
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69 instance *MAY* be returned in the HTTP response. Replies from other
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70 entities (connected clients or remote servers) will not be returned, but
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71 can be forwarded via the callback API described in the next section.
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72
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73 ## Receiving stanzas
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74
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75 TL;DR: Set this webhook callback URL, get XML `POST`-ed there.
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76
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77 ``` {.lua}
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78 Component "rest.example.net" "rest"
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79 rest_credentials = "Bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K"
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80 rest_callback_url = "http://my-api.example:9999/stanzas"
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81 ```
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82
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83 To enable JSON payloads set
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84
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85 ``` {.lua}
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86 rest_callback_content_type = "application/json"
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87 ```
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88
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89 Example callback looks like:
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90
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91 ``` {.xml}
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92 POST /stanzas HTTP/1.1
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93 Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml
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94 Content-Length: 102
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95
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96 <message to="bot@rest.example.net" from="user@example.com" type="chat">
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97 <body>Hello</body>
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98 </message>
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99 ```
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100
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101 or as JSON:
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102
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103 ``` {.json}
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104 POST /stanzas HTTP/1.1
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105 Content-Type: application/json
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106 Content-Length: 133
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107
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108 {
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109 "body" : "Hello",
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110 "from" : "user@example.com",
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111 "kind" : "message",
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112 "to" : "bot@rest.example.net",
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113 "type" : "chat"
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114 }
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115 ```
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116
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117 ### Replying
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118
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119 To accept the stanza without returning a reply, respond with HTTP status
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120 code `202` or `204`.
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121
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122 HTTP status codes in the `4xx` and `5xx` range are mapped to an
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123 appropriate stanza error.
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124
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125 For full control over the response, set the `Content-Type` header to
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126 `application/xmpp+xml` and return an XMPP stanza as an XML snippet.
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127
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128 ``` {.xml}
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129 HTTP/1.1 200 Ok
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130 Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml
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131
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132 <message type="chat">
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133 <body>Yes, this is bot</body>
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134 </message>
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135 ```
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136
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137 ## Payload format
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138
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139 ### JSON
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140
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141 ``` {.json}
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142 {
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143 "body" : "Hello!",
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144 "kind" : "message",
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145 "type" : "chat"
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146 }
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147 ```
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148
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149 Mapping of various XMPP stanza payloads to JSON.
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150
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151 ### XML
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152
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153 ``` {.xml}
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154 <message type="" id="" to="" from="" xml:lang="">
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155 ...
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156 </message>
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157 ```
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158
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159 An XML declaration (`<?xml?>`) **MUST NOT** be included.
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160
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161 The payload MUST contain one (1) `message`, `presence` or `iq` stanza.
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162
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163 The stanzas MUST NOT have an `xmlns` attribute, and the default/empty
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164 namespace is treated as `jabber:client`.
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165
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166 # Examples
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167
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168 ## Python / Flask
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169
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170 Simple echo bot that responds to messages:
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171
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172 ``` {.python}
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173 from flask import Flask, Response, request
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174 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
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175
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176 app = Flask("echobot")
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177
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178
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179 @app.before_request
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180 def parse():
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181 request.stanza = ET.fromstring(request.data)
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182
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183
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184 @app.route("/", methods=["POST"])
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185 def hello():
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186 if request.stanza.tag == "message":
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187 return Response(
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188 "<message><body>Yes this is bot</body></message>",
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189 content_type="application/xmpp+xml",
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190 )
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191
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192 return Response(status=501)
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193
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194
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195 if __name__ == "__main__":
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196 app.run()
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197 ```
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198
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199 # Compatibility
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200
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201 Requires Prosody trunk / 0.12