Mercurial > prosody-modules
annotate mod_firewall/README.markdown @ 4155:308b92b07da6
mod_muc_inject_mentions: Refactor code using in_list utility function to improve readability
| author | Seve Ferrer <seve@delape.net> |
|---|---|
| date | Mon, 28 Sep 2020 15:30:22 +0200 |
| parents | e9e10ec1b91c |
| children | 87daef9ed4e7 |
| rev | line source |
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1 --- |
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2 labels: |
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3 - 'Stage-Alpha' |
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4 summary: 'A rule-based stanza filtering module' |
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5 ... |
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6 |
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7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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9 **Note:** mod\_firewall is in its very early stages. This documentation |
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10 is liable to change, and some described functionality may be missing, |
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11 incomplete or contain bugs. |
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13 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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15 Introduction |
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16 ============ |
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18 A firewall is an invaluable tool in the sysadmin's toolbox. However |
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19 while low-level firewalls such as iptables and pf are incredibly good at |
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20 what they do, they are generally not able to handle application-layer |
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21 rules. |
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23 The goal of mod\_firewall is to provide similar services at the XMPP |
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24 layer. Based on rule scripts it can efficiently block, bounce, drop, |
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25 forward, copy, redirect stanzas and more! Furthermore all rules can be |
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26 applied and updated dynamically at runtime without restarting the |
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27 server. |
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29 Details |
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30 ======= |
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32 mod\_firewall loads one or more scripts, and compiles these to Lua code |
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33 that reacts to stanzas flowing through Prosody. The firewall script |
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34 syntax is unusual, but straightforward. |
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36 A firewall script is dominated by rules. Each rule has two parts: |
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37 conditions, and actions. When a stanza matches all of the conditions, |
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38 all of the actions are executed in order. |
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| 40 Here is a simple example to block stanzas from spammer@example.com: | |
| 41 | |
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42 FROM: spammer@example.com |
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43 DROP. |
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45 FROM is a condition, and DROP is an action. This is about as simple as |
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46 it gets. How about heading to the other extreme? Let's demonstrate |
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47 something more complex that mod\_firewall can do for you: |
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49 %ZONE myorganisation: staff.myorg.example, support.myorg.example |
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51 ENTERING: myorganisation |
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52 KIND: message |
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53 TIME: 12am-9am, 5pm-12am, Saturday, Sunday |
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54 REPLY=Sorry, I am afraid our office is closed at the moment. If you need assistance, please call our 24-hour support line on 123-456-789. |
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56 This rule will reply with a short message whenever someone tries to send |
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57 a message to someone at any of the hosts defined in the 'myorganisation' |
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58 outside of office hours. |
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60 Specifying rule sets |
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61 -------------------- |
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62 |
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63 Firewall rules should be written into text files, e.g. `ruleset.pfw` file. |
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64 One or more rule files can be specified in the configuration using: |
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65 |
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66 firewall_scripts = { "path/to/ruleset.pfw", "path/to/ruleset2.pfw" } |
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67 |
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68 If multiple files are specified and they both add rules to the same chains, |
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69 each file's rules will be processed in order, but the order of files is undefined. |
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71 Conditions |
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72 ---------- |
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73 |
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74 All conditions must come before any action in a rule block. The |
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75 condition name is followed by a colon (':'), and the value to test for. |
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77 A condition can be preceded or followed by `NOT` to negate its match. |
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78 For example: |
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80 NOT FROM: user@example.com |
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81 KIND NOT: message |
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83 Some conditions do not take parameters, and these should end with just a |
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84 question mark, like: |
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85 |
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86 IN ROSTER? |
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87 |
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88 ### Zones |
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90 A 'zone' is one or more hosts or JIDs. It is possible to match when a |
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91 stanza is entering or leaving a zone, while at the same time not |
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92 matching traffic passing between JIDs in the same zone. |
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94 Zones are defined at the top of a script with the following syntax (they |
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95 are not part of a rule block): |
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97 %ZONE myzone: host1, host2, user@host3, foo.bar.example |
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99 There is an automatic zone named `$local`, which automatically includes |
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100 all of the current server's active hosts (including components). It can |
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101 be used to match stanzas entering or leaving the current server. |
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102 |
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103 A host listed in a zone also matches all users on that host (but not |
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104 subdomains). |
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| 106 The following zone-matching conditions are supported: | |
| 107 | |
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108 Condition Matches |
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109 ------------ ------------------------------------------ |
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110 `ENTERING` When a stanza is entering the named zone |
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111 `LEAVING` When a stanza is leaving the named zone |
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113 ### Lists |
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114 |
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115 It is possible to create or load lists of strings for use in scripts. For example, you might load a JID blacklist, |
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116 a list of malware URLs or simple words that you want to filter messages on. |
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117 |
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118 List type Example |
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119 ----------- ----------------------- |
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120 memory %LIST spammers: memory |
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121 file %LIST spammers: file:/etc/spammers.txt |
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122 http %LIST spammers: http://example.com/spammers.txt |
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123 |
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124 #### List types |
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125 ##### memory |
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126 |
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127 ``` |
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128 %LIST name: memory (limit: number) |
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129 ``` |
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130 |
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131 A memory-only list, with an optional limit. Supports addition and removal of items by scripts. |
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132 |
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133 If a limit is provided, the oldest item will be discarded to make room for a new item if the |
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134 list is full. The limit is useful to prevent infinite memory growth on busy servers. |
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135 |
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136 ##### file |
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137 |
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138 ``` |
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139 %LIST name: file:/path/to/file (missing: string) |
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140 ``` |
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141 |
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142 Reads a list from a file. The list can be added to and removed from by scripts, but |
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143 these changes do not persist between restarts. |
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144 |
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145 If the file is missing, an error will be raised. The optional 'missing' parameter can be set |
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146 to 'ignore' (e.g. `(missing: ignore)`) to ignore a missing file. |
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147 |
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148 ##### http |
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149 |
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150 ``` |
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151 %LIST name: http://example.com/ (ttl: number, pattern: pat, hash: sha1, checkcerts: when-sni) |
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152 ``` |
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153 |
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154 Fetches a list from a HTTP or HTTPS URL. The following options are accepted: |
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155 |
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156 Option Description |
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157 ------- ----------- |
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158 ttl Seconds to cache the list for. After expiry, it will be refetched. Default 3600 (1 hour). |
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159 pattern Optional pattern used to extract list entries from the response. Default is to treat each line as a single item. |
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160 hash Optional hash to be applied to items before looking them up in the list, e.g. sha1 or sha256. |
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161 checkcert Whether to verify HTTPS certificates. May be "always", "never" or "when-sni". Default "when-sni". |
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162 |
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163 The "when-sni" default disables certificate verification when Prosody's HTTP client API doesn't support SNI, |
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164 as in Prosody 0.11.6 and earlier. |
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165 |
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166 #### CHECK LIST |
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167 |
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168 Checks whether a simple expression is found in a given list. |
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169 |
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170 Example: |
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171 |
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172 %LIST blacklist: file:/etc/prosody/blacklist.txt |
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173 |
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174 # Rule to block presence subscription requests from blacklisted JIDs |
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175 KIND: presence |
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176 TYPE: subscribe |
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177 CHECK LIST: blacklist contains $<@from> |
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178 BOUNCE=policy-violation (Your JID is blacklisted) |
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179 |
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180 #### SCAN |
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181 |
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182 SCAN allows you to search inside a stanza for a given pattern, and check each result against a list. For example, |
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183 you could scan a message body for words and check if any of the words are found in a given list. |
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184 |
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185 Before using SCAN, you need to define a search location and a pattern. The search location uses the same 'path' |
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186 format as documented under the 'INSPECT' condition. Patterns can be any valid Lua pattern. |
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187 |
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188 To use the above example: |
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189 |
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190 # Define a search location called 'body' which fetches the text of the 'body' element |
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191 %SEARCH body: body# |
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192 # Define a pattern called 'word' which matches any sequence of letters |
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193 %PATTERN word: [A-Za-z]+ |
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194 # Finally, we also need our list of "bad" words: |
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195 %LIST badwords: file:/etc/prosody/bad_words.txt |
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196 |
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197 # Now we can use these to SCAN incoming stanzas |
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198 # If it finds a match, bounce the stanza |
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199 SCAN: body for word in badwords |
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200 BOUNCE=policy-violation (This word is not allowed!) |
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201 |
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202 #### COUNT |
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203 |
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204 COUNT is similar to SCAN, in that it uses a defined SEARCH and breaks it up according to a PATTERN. Then it |
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205 counts the number of results. |
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206 |
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207 For example, to block every message with more than one URL: |
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208 |
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209 # Define a search location called 'body' which fetches the text of the 'body' element |
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210 %SEARCH body: body# |
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211 # Define a pattern called 'url' which matches HTTP links |
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212 %PATTERN url: https?://%S+ |
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213 |
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214 COUNT: url in body > 1 |
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215 BOUNCE=policy-violation (Up to one HTTP URL is allowed in messages) |
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216 |
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217 ### Stanza matching |
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219 Condition Matches |
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220 ----------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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221 `KIND` The kind of stanza. May be 'message', 'presence' or 'iq' |
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222 `TYPE` The type of stanza. This varies depending on the kind of stanza. See 'Stanza types' below for more information. |
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223 `PAYLOAD` The stanza contains a child with the given namespace. Useful for determining the type of an iq request, or whether a message contains a certain extension. |
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224 `INSPECT` The node at the specified path exists or matches a given string. This allows you to look anywhere inside a stanza. See below for examples and more. |
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225 |
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226 #### Stanza types |
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228 Stanza Valid types |
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229 ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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230 iq get, set, result, error |
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231 presence *available*, unavailable, probe, subscribe, subscribed, unsubscribe, unsubscribed, error |
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232 message normal, chat, groupchat, headline, error |
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234 **Note:** The type 'available' for presence does not actually appear in |
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235 the protocol. Available presence is signalled by the omission of a type. |
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236 Similarly, a message stanza with no type is equivalent to one of type |
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237 'normal'. mod\_firewall handles these cases for you automatically. |
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239 ### Sender/recipient matching |
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241 Condition Matches |
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242 ------------- ------------------------------------------------------- |
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243 `FROM` The JID in the 'from' attribute matches the given JID. |
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244 `TO` The JID in the 'to' attribute matches the given JID. |
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245 `TO SELF` The stanza is sent by any of a user's resources to their own bare JID. |
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246 `TO FULL JID` The stanza is addressed to a valid full JID on the local server (full JIDs include a resource at the end, and only exist for the lifetime of a single session, therefore the recipient must be online, or this check will not match). |
| 1782 | 247 |
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248 The TO and FROM conditions both accept wildcards in the JID when the wildcard |
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249 expression is enclosed in angle brackets ('\<...\>'). For example: |
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250 |
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251 # All users at example.com |
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252 FROM: <*>@example.com |
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254 # The user 'admin' on any subdomain of example.com |
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255 FROM: admin@<*.example.com> |
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256 |
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257 You can also use [Lua's pattern |
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258 matching](http://www.lua.org/manual/5.1/manual.html#5.4.1) for more |
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259 powerful matching abilities. Patterns are a lightweight |
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260 regular-expression alternative. Simply contain the pattern in double |
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261 angle brackets. The pattern is automatically anchored at the start and |
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262 end (so it must match the entire portion of the JID). |
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264 # Match admin@example.com, and admin1@example.com, etc. |
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265 FROM: <<admin%d*>>@example.com |
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266 |
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267 **Note:** It is important to know that 'example.com' is a valid JID on |
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268 its own, and does **not** match 'user@example.com'. To perform domain |
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269 whitelists or blacklists, use Zones. |
| 1782 | 270 |
| 2047 | 271 Condition Matches |
| 272 ---------------- --------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| 273 `FROM_EXACTLY` The JID in the 'from' attribute exactly matches the given JID | |
| 274 `TO_EXACTLY` The JID in the 'to' attribute exactly matches the given JID | |
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275 |
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276 These additional conditions do not support pattern matching, but are |
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277 useful to match the exact to/from address on a stanza. For example, if |
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278 no resource is specified then only bare JIDs will be matched. TO and FROM |
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279 match all resources if no resource is specified to match. |
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280 |
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281 **Note:** Some chains execute before Prosody has performed any |
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282 normalisation or validity checks on the to/from JIDs on an incoming |
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283 stanza. It is not advisable to perform access control or similar rules |
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284 on JIDs in these chains (see the chain documentation for more info). |
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286 #### INSPECT |
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287 |
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288 INSPECT takes a 'path' through the stanza to get a string (an attribute |
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289 value or text content). An example is the best way to explain. Let's |
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290 check that a user is not trying to register an account with the username |
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291 'admin'. This stanza comes from [XEP-0077: In-band |
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292 Registration](http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0077.html#example-4): |
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293 |
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294 ``` xml |
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295 <iq type='set' id='reg2'> |
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296 <query xmlns='jabber:iq:register'> |
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297 <username>bill</username> |
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298 <password>Calliope</password> |
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299 <email>bard@shakespeare.lit</email> |
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300 </query> |
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301 </iq> |
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302 ``` |
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303 |
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304 KIND: iq |
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305 TYPE: set |
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306 PAYLOAD: jabber:iq:register |
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307 INSPECT: {jabber:iq:register}query/username#=admin |
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308 BOUNCE=not-allowed (The username 'admin' is reserved.) |
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309 |
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310 That weird string deserves some explanation. It is a path, divided into |
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311 segments by '/'. Each segment describes an element by its name, |
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312 optionally prefixed by its namespace in curly braces ('{...}'). If the |
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313 path ends with a '\#' then the text content of the last element will be |
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314 returned. If the path ends with '@name' then the value of the attribute |
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315 'name' will be returned. |
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316 |
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317 You can use INSPECT to test for the existence of an element or attribute, |
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318 or you can see if it is equal to a string by appending `=STRING` (as in the |
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319 example above). Finally, you can also test whether it matches a given Lua |
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320 pattern by using `~=PATTERN`. |
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321 |
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322 INSPECT is somewhat slower than the other stanza matching conditions. To |
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323 minimise performance impact, always place it below other faster |
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324 condition checks where possible (e.g. above we first checked KIND, TYPE |
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325 and PAYLOAD matched before INSPECT). |
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326 |
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327 ### Roster |
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328 |
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329 These functions access the roster of the recipient (only). Therefore they cannot (currently) |
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330 be used in some chains, such as for outgoing messages (the recipient may be on another server). |
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331 |
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332 Performance note: this check can potentially cause storage access (especially if the recipient |
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333 is currently offline), so you may want to limit its use in high-traffic situations, and place |
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334 it below other checks (such as a rate limiter). |
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335 |
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336 #### IN ROSTER |
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337 |
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338 Tests whether the sender is in the recipient's roster. |
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339 |
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340 IN ROSTER? |
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341 |
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342 #### IN ROSTER GROUP |
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343 |
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344 Tests whether the sender is in the recipient's roster, and in the named group. |
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345 |
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346 IN ROSTER GROUP: Friends |
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347 |
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348 #### SUBSCRIBED |
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349 |
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350 Tests whether the recipient is subscribed to the sender, ie will receive |
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351 presence updates from them. |
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352 |
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353 Note that this *does* work, regardless of direction and which chain is |
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354 used, since both the sender and the recipient will have mirrored roster |
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355 entries. |
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356 |
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357 ### Groups |
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358 |
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359 Using Prosody's mod\_groups it is possible to define groups of users on the server. You can |
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360 match based on these groups in firewall rules. |
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361 |
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362 Condition Matches |
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363 ----------------- ---------------------------- |
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364 `FROM GROUP` When the stanza is being sent from a member of the named group |
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365 `TO GROUP` When the stanza is being sent to a member of the named group |
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366 `CROSSING GROUPS` When the stanza is being sent between users of different named groups |
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367 |
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368 #### CROSSING GROUPS |
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369 |
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370 The `CROSSING GROUPS` condition takes a comma-separated list of groups to check. If the |
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371 sender and recipient are not in the same group (only the listed groups are checked), then the |
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372 this condition matches and the stanza is deemed to be crossing between groups. |
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373 |
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374 For example, if you had three groups: Engineering, Marketing and Employees. All users are |
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375 members of the 'Employees' group, and the others are for employees of the named department only. |
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376 |
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377 To prevent employees in the marketing department from communicating with engineers, you could use |
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378 the following rule: |
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379 |
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380 ``` |
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381 CROSSING GROUPS: Marketing, Engineering |
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382 BOUNCE=policy-violation (no communication between these groups is allowed!) |
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383 ``` |
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384 |
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385 This works, even though both the users are in the 'Employees' group, because that group is not listed |
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386 in the condition. |
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387 |
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388 In the above example, a user who is member of both groups is not restricted. |
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389 |
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390 #### SENT DIRECTED PRESENCE TO SENDER |
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391 |
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392 This condition matches if the recipient of a stanza has previously sent directed presence to the sender of the stanza. This |
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393 is often done in XMPP to exchange presence information with JIDs that are not on your roster, such as MUC rooms. |
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394 |
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395 This condition does not take a parameter - end the condition name with a question mark: |
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396 |
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397 # Rule to bounce messages from senders not in the roster who haven't been sent directed presence |
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398 NOT IN ROSTER? |
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399 NOT SENT DIRECTED PRESENCE TO SENDER? |
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400 BOUNCE=service-unavailable |
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401 |
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402 ### Admins |
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403 |
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404 Prosody allows certain JIDs to be declared as administrators of a host, component or the whole server. |
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405 |
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406 Condition Matches |
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407 ---------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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408 `TO ADMIN` When the recipient of the stanza is admin of the current host |
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409 `FROM ADMIN` When the sender of the stanza is admin of the current host |
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410 `FROM ADMIN OF` When the sender of the stanza is an admin of the named host on the current server |
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411 `TO ADMIN OF` When the recipient of the stanza is an admin of the named host on the current server |
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412 |
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413 ### Time and date |
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415 #### TIME |
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416 |
| 1782 | 417 Matches stanzas sent during certain time periods. |
| 418 | |
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419 Condition Matches |
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420 ----------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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421 TIME When the current server local time is within one of the comma-separated time ranges given |
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423 TIME: 10pm-6am, 14:00-15:00 |
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424 REPLY=Zzzz. |
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425 |
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426 #### DAY |
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427 |
| 1782 | 428 It is also possible to match only on certain days of the week. |
| 429 | |
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430 Condition Matches |
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431 ----------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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432 DAY When the current day matches one, or falls within a rage, in the given comma-separated list of days |
| 1782 | 433 |
| 434 Example: | |
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435 |
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436 DAY: Sat-Sun, Wednesday |
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437 REPLY=Sorry, I'm out enjoying life! |
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439 All times and dates are handled in the server's local time. |
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440 |
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441 ### Rate-limiting |
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442 |
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443 It is possible to selectively rate-limit stanzas, and use rules to |
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444 decide what to do with stanzas when over the limit. |
| 1782 | 445 |
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446 First, you must define any rate limits that you are going to use in your |
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447 script. Here we create a limiter called 'normal' that will allow 2 |
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448 stanzas per second, and then we define a rule to bounce messages when |
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449 over this limit. Note that the `RATE` definition is not part of a rule |
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450 (multiple rules can share the same limiter). |
| 1782 | 451 |
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452 %RATE normal: 2 (burst 3) |
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454 KIND: message |
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455 LIMIT: normal |
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456 BOUNCE=policy-violation (Sending too fast!) |
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458 The 'burst' parameter on the rate limit allows you to spread the limit |
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459 check over a given time period. For example the definition shown above |
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460 will allow the limit to be temporarily surpassed, as long as it is |
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461 within the limit after 3 seconds. You will almost always want to specify |
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462 a burst factor. |
| 1782 | 463 |
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464 Both the rate and the burst can be fractional values. For example a rate |
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465 of 0.1 means only one event is allowed every 10 seconds. |
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467 The LIMIT condition actually does two things; first it counts against |
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468 the given limiter, and then it checks to see if the limiter over its |
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469 limit yet. If it is, the condition matches, otherwise it will not. |
| 1782 | 470 |
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471 Condition Matches |
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472 ----------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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473 `LIMIT` When the named limit is 'used up'. Using this condition automatically counts against that limit. |
| 1782 | 474 |
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475 **Note:** Reloading mod\_firewall resets the current state of any |
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476 limiters. |
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477 |
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478 #### Dynamic limits |
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479 |
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480 Sometimes you may want to have multiple throttles in a single condition, using some property of the session or stanza |
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481 to determine which throttle to use. For example, you might have a limit for incoming stanzas, but you want to limit by |
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482 sending JID, instead of all incoming stanzas sharing the same limit. |
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483 |
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484 You can use the 'on' keyword for this, like so: |
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485 |
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486 LIMIT: normal on EXPRESSION |
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487 |
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488 For more information on expressions, see the section later in this document. |
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489 |
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490 Each value of 'EXPRESSION' has to be tracked individually in a table, which uses a small amount of memory. To prevent |
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491 memory exhaustion, the number of tracked values is limited to 1000 by default. You can override this by setting the |
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492 maximum number of table entries when you define the rate: |
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493 |
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494 %RATE normal: 2 (burst 3) (entries 4096) |
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495 |
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496 Old values are automatically removed from the tracking table. However if the tracking table becomes full, new entries |
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497 will be rejected - it will behave as if the rate limit was reached, even for values that have not been seen before. Since |
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498 this opens up a potential denial of service (innocent users may be affected if malicious users can fill up the tracking |
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499 table within the limit period). You can choose to instead "fail open", and allow the rate limit to be temporarily bypassed |
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500 when the table is full. To choose this behaviour, add `(allow overflow)` to the RATE definition. |
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501 |
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502 ### Session marking |
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503 |
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504 It is possible to 'mark' sessions (see the MARK_ORIGIN action below). To match stanzas from marked sessions, use the |
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505 `ORIGIN_MARKED` condition. |
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506 |
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507 Condition Description |
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508 ------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------- |
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509 ORIGIN MARKED: markname Matches if the origin has been marked with 'markname'. |
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510 ORIGIN MARKED: markname (Xs) Matches if the origin has been marked with 'markname' within the past X seconds. |
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511 |
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512 Example usage: |
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513 |
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514 # This rule drops messages from sessions that have been marked as spammers in the past hour |
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515 ORIGIN MARKED: spammer (3600s) |
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516 DROP. |
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517 |
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518 # This rule marks the origin session as a spammer if they send a message to a honeypot JID |
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519 KIND: message |
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520 TO: honeypot@example.com |
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521 MARK ORIGIN=spammer |
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522 |
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523 Actions |
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524 ------- |
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526 Actions come after all conditions in a rule block. There must be at |
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527 least one action, though conditions are optional. |
| 1782 | 528 |
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529 An action without parameters ends with a full-stop/period ('.'), and one |
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530 with parameters uses an equals sign ('='): |
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531 |
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532 # An action with no parameters: |
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533 DROP. |
| 1782 | 534 |
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535 # An action with a parameter: |
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536 REPLY=Hello, this is a reply. |
| 1782 | 537 |
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538 ### Route modification |
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539 |
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540 The most common actions modify the stanza's route in some way. Currently |
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541 the first matching rule to do so will halt further processing of actions |
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542 and rules (this may change in the future). |
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544 Action Description |
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545 ----------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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546 `PASS.` Stop executing actions and rules on this stanza, and let it through this chain and any calling chains. |
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547 `DROP.` Stop executing actions and rules on this stanza, and discard it. |
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548 `DEFAULT.` Stop executing actions and rules on this stanza, prevent any other scripts/modules from handling it, to trigger the appropriate default "unhandled stanza" behaviour. Do not use in custom chains (it is treated as PASS). |
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549 `REDIRECT=jid` Redirect the stanza to the given JID. |
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550 `REPLY=text` Reply to the stanza (assumed to be a message) with the given text. |
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551 `BOUNCE.` Bounce the stanza with the default error (usually service-unavailable) |
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552 `BOUNCE=error` Bounce the stanza with the given error (MUST be a defined XMPP stanza error, see [RFC6120](http://xmpp.org/rfcs/rfc6120.html#stanzas-error-conditions). |
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553 `BOUNCE=error (text)` As above, but include the supplied human-readable text with a description of the error |
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554 `COPY=jid` Make a copy of the stanza and send the copy to the specified JID. The copied stanza flows through Prosody's routing code, and as such is affected by firewall rules. Be careful to avoid loops. |
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555 `FORWARD=jid` Forward a copy of the stanza to the given JID (using XEP-0297). The stanza will be sent from the current host's JID. |
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556 |
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557 **Note:** It is incorrect behaviour to reply to an 'error' stanza with another error, so BOUNCE will simply act the same as 'DROP' for stanzas that should not be bounced (error stanzas and iq results). |
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558 |
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559 ### Stanza modification |
| 1782 | 560 |
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561 These actions make it possible to modify the content and structure of a |
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562 stanza. |
| 1782 | 563 |
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564 Action Description |
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565 ------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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566 `STRIP=name` Remove any child elements with the given name in the default namespace |
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567 `STRIP=name namespace` Remove any child elements with the given name and the given namespace |
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568 `INJECT=xml` Inject the given XML into the stanza as a child element |
| 1782 | 569 |
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570 ### Sessions |
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571 |
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572 It is possible to mark sessions, and then use these marks to match rules later on. |
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573 |
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574 Action Description |
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575 ------------------------ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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576 `MARK ORIGIN=mark` Marks the originating session with the given flag. |
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577 `UNMARK ORIGIN=mark` Removes the given mark from the origin session (if it is set). |
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578 |
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579 **Note:** Marks apply to sessions, not JIDs. E.g. if marking in a rule that matches a stanza received |
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580 over s2s, it is the s2s session that is marked. |
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581 |
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582 It is possible to have multiple marks on an origin at any given time. |
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583 |
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584 ### Informational |
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585 |
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586 Action Description |
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587 --------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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588 `LOG=message` Logs the given message to Prosody's log file. Optionally prefix it with a log level in square brackets, e.g. `[debug]` |
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589 |
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590 You can include expressions in log messages, using `$(...)` syntax. For example, to log the stanza that matched the rule, you can use $(stanza), |
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591 or to log just the top tag of the stanza, use $(stanza:top_tag()). |
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592 |
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593 Example: |
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594 |
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595 # Log all stanzas to user@example.com: |
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596 TO: user@example.com |
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597 LOG=[debug] User received: $(stanza) |
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598 |
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599 More info about expressions can be found below. |
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600 |
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601 Chains |
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602 ------ |
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603 |
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604 Rules are grouped into "chains", which are injected at particular points in Prosody's routing code. |
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605 |
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606 Available built-in chains are: |
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607 |
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608 Chain Description |
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609 -------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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610 deliver Applies to stanzas delivered to local recipients (regardless of the stanza's origin) |
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611 deliver_remote Applies to stanzas delivered to remote recipients (just before they leave the local server) |
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612 preroute Applies to incoming stanzas from local users, before any routing rules are applied |
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613 |
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614 A chain is begun by a line `::name` where 'name' is the name of the chain you want the following rules to be |
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615 inserted into. If no chain is specified, rules are put into the 'deliver' chain. |
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616 |
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617 It is possible to create custom chains (useful with the JUMP_CHAIN action described below). User-created |
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618 chains must begin with "user/", e.g. "user/spam_filtering". |
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619 |
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620 Example of chain use: |
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621 |
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622 # example.com's firewall script |
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623 |
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624 # This line is optional, because 'deliver' is the default chain anyway: |
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625 ::deliver |
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626 |
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627 # This rule matches any stanzas delivered to our local user bob: |
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628 TO: bob@example.com |
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629 DROP. |
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630 |
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631 # Oops! This rule will never match, because alice is not a local user, |
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632 # and only stanzas to local users go through the 'deliver' chain: |
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633 TO: alice@remote.example.com |
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634 DROP. |
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635 |
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636 # Create a 'preroute' chain of rules (matched for incoming stanzas from local clients): |
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637 ::preroute |
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638 # These rules are matched for outgoing stanzas from local clients |
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639 |
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640 # This will match any stanzas sent to alice from a local user: |
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641 TO: alice@remote.example.com |
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642 DROP. |
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643 |
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644 Action Description |
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645 ------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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646 `JUMP CHAIN=name` Switches chains, and passes the stanza through the rules in chain 'name'. If the new chain causes the stanza to be dropped/redirected, the current chain halts further processing. |
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647 `RETURN.` Stops executing the current chain and returns to the parent chain. For built-in chains, equivalent to PASS. RETURN is implicit at the end of every chain. |
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648 |
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649 It is possible to jump to chains defined by other scripts and modules. |
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650 |
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651 Expressions |
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652 ----------- |
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653 |
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654 Some conditions and actions in rules support "expressions" in their parameters (their documentation will indicate if this is the case). Most parameters |
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655 are static once the firewall script is loaded and compiled internally, however parameters that allow expressions can be dynamically calculated when a |
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656 rule is being run. |
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657 |
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658 There are two kinds of expression that you can use: stanza expressions, and code expressions. |
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659 |
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660 ### Stanza expressions |
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661 |
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662 Stanza expressions are of the form `$<...>`, where `...` is a stanza path. For syntax of stanza paths, see the documentation for the 'INSPECT' condition |
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663 above. |
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664 |
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665 Example: |
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666 |
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667 LOG=Matched a stanza from $<@from> to $<@to> |
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668 |
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669 There are built in functions which can be applied to the output of a stanza expression, by appending the pipe ('|') operator, followed by the function |
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670 name. These functions are: |
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671 |
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672 Function Description |
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673 ------------ --------------------------------------- |
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674 bare Given a JID, strip any resource |
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675 node Return the node ('user part') of a JID |
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676 host Return the host ('domain') part of a JID |
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677 resource Return the resource part of a JID |
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678 |
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679 For example, to apply a rate limit to stanzas per sender domain: |
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680 |
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681 LIMIT normal on $<@from|host> |
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682 |
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683 If the path does not match (e.g. the element isn't found, or the attribute doesn't exist) or any of the functions fail to produce an output (e.g. an invalid |
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684 JID was passed to a function that only handles valid JIDs) the expression will return the text `<undefined>`. You can override this by ending the expression |
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685 with a double pipe ('||') followed by a quoted string to use as a default instead. E.g. to default to the string "normal" when there is no 'type' attribute: |
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686 |
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687 LOG=Stanza type is $<@type||"normal"> |
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688 |
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689 ### Code expressions |
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690 |
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691 Code expressions use `$(...)` syntax. Code expressions are powerful, and allow unconstrained access to Prosody's internal environment. Therefore |
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692 code expressions are typically for advanced use-cases only. You may want to refer to Prosody's [developer documentation](https://prosody.im/doc/developers) |
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693 for more information. In particular, within code expressions you may access the 'session' object, which is the session object of the origin of the stanza, |
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694 and the 'stanza' object, which is the stanza being considered within the current rule. Whatever value the expression returns will be converted to a string. |
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695 |
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696 Example to limit stanzas per session type: |
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697 |
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698 LIMIT: normal on $(session.type) |