Mercurial > prosody-modules
annotate mod_firewall/README.markdown @ 4364:49cf9d188b26
mod_http_admin_api: set content-type for debug API
| author | Jonas Schäfer <jonas@wielicki.name> |
|---|---|
| date | Thu, 21 Jan 2021 15:51:07 +0100 |
| parents | c316ad1087d4 |
| children | bb8459c220c9 |
| rev | line source |
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1 --- |
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2 labels: |
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3 - 'Stage-Alpha' |
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4 summary: 'A rule-based stanza filtering module' |
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5 rockspec: |
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6 build: |
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7 modules: |
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8 mod_firewall.actions: actions.lib.lua |
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9 mod_firewall.conditions: conditions.lib.lua |
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10 mod_firewall.definitions: definitions.lib.lua |
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11 mod_firewall.marks: marks.lib.lua |
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12 mod_firewall.test: test.lib.lua |
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13 --- |
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14 |
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15 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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17 **Note:** mod\_firewall is in its very early stages. This documentation |
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18 is liable to change, and some described functionality may be missing, |
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19 incomplete or contain bugs. |
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21 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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23 Introduction |
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24 ============ |
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26 A firewall is an invaluable tool in the sysadmin's toolbox. However |
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27 while low-level firewalls such as iptables and pf are incredibly good at |
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28 what they do, they are generally not able to handle application-layer |
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29 rules. |
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31 The goal of mod\_firewall is to provide similar services at the XMPP |
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32 layer. Based on rule scripts it can efficiently block, bounce, drop, |
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33 forward, copy, redirect stanzas and more! Furthermore all rules can be |
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34 applied and updated dynamically at runtime without restarting the |
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35 server. |
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37 Details |
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38 ======= |
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40 mod\_firewall loads one or more scripts, and compiles these to Lua code |
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41 that reacts to stanzas flowing through Prosody. The firewall script |
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42 syntax is unusual, but straightforward. |
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44 A firewall script is dominated by rules. Each rule has two parts: |
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45 conditions, and actions. When a stanza matches all of the conditions, |
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46 all of the actions are executed in order. |
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| 48 Here is a simple example to block stanzas from spammer@example.com: | |
| 49 | |
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50 FROM: spammer@example.com |
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51 DROP. |
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53 FROM is a condition, and DROP is an action. This is about as simple as |
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54 it gets. How about heading to the other extreme? Let's demonstrate |
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55 something more complex that mod\_firewall can do for you: |
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57 %ZONE myorganisation: staff.myorg.example, support.myorg.example |
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59 ENTERING: myorganisation |
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60 KIND: message |
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61 TIME: 12am-9am, 5pm-12am, Saturday, Sunday |
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62 REPLY=Sorry, I am afraid our office is closed at the moment. If you need assistance, please call our 24-hour support line on 123-456-789. |
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64 This rule will reply with a short message whenever someone tries to send |
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65 a message to someone at any of the hosts defined in the 'myorganisation' |
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66 outside of office hours. |
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68 Specifying rule sets |
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69 -------------------- |
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70 |
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71 Firewall rules should be written into text files, e.g. `ruleset.pfw` file. |
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72 One or more rule files can be specified in the configuration using: |
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73 |
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74 firewall_scripts = { "path/to/ruleset.pfw", "path/to/ruleset2.pfw" } |
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75 |
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76 If multiple files are specified and they both add rules to the same [chains](#chains), |
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77 each file's rules will be processed in order, but the order of files is undefined. |
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79 Reloading Prosody's configuration also reloads firewall rules. |
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80 |
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81 Make sure that `firewall_scripts` is in the global section of the configuration file |
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82 and not below a virtual host or a component - unless you want per-vhost |
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83 firewall rules. |
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84 |
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85 Conditions |
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86 ---------- |
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87 |
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88 All conditions must come before any action in a rule block. The |
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89 condition name is followed by a colon (':'), and the value to test for. |
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91 A condition can be preceded or followed by `NOT` to negate its match. |
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92 For example: |
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94 NOT FROM: user@example.com |
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95 KIND NOT: message |
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97 Some conditions do not take parameters, and these should end with just a |
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98 question mark, like: |
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99 |
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100 IN ROSTER? |
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101 |
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102 ### Zones |
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104 A 'zone' is one or more hosts or JIDs. It is possible to match when a |
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105 stanza is entering or leaving a zone, while at the same time not |
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106 matching traffic passing between JIDs in the same zone. |
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108 Zones are defined at the top of a script with the following syntax (they |
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109 are not part of a rule block): |
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111 %ZONE myzone: host1, host2, user@host3, foo.bar.example |
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113 There is an automatic zone named `$local`, which automatically includes |
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114 all of the current server's active hosts (including components). It can |
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115 be used to match stanzas entering or leaving the current server. |
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116 |
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117 A host listed in a zone also matches all users on that host (but not |
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118 subdomains). |
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| 120 The following zone-matching conditions are supported: | |
| 121 | |
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122 Condition Matches |
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123 ------------ ------------------------------------------ |
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124 `ENTERING` When a stanza is entering the named zone |
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125 `LEAVING` When a stanza is leaving the named zone |
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127 ### Lists |
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128 |
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129 It is possible to create or load lists of strings for use in scripts. For example, you might load a JID blacklist, |
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130 a list of malware URLs or simple words that you want to filter messages on. |
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131 |
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132 List type Example |
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133 ----------- ----------------------- |
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134 memory %LIST spammers: memory |
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135 file %LIST spammers: file:/etc/spammers.txt |
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136 http %LIST spammers: http://example.com/spammers.txt |
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137 |
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138 #### List types |
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139 ##### memory |
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140 |
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141 ``` |
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142 %LIST name: memory (limit: number) |
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143 ``` |
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144 |
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145 A memory-only list, with an optional limit. Supports addition and removal of items by scripts. |
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146 |
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147 If a limit is provided, the oldest item will be discarded to make room for a new item if the |
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148 list is full. The limit is useful to prevent infinite memory growth on busy servers. |
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149 |
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150 ##### file |
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151 |
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152 ``` |
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153 %LIST name: file:/path/to/file (missing: string) |
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154 ``` |
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155 |
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156 Reads a list from a file. The list can be added to and removed from by scripts, but |
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157 these changes do not persist between restarts. |
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158 |
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159 If the file is missing, an error will be raised. The optional 'missing' parameter can be set |
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160 to 'ignore' (e.g. `(missing: ignore)`) to ignore a missing file. |
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161 |
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162 ##### http |
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163 |
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164 ``` |
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165 %LIST name: http://example.com/ (ttl: number, pattern: pat, hash: sha1, checkcerts: when-sni) |
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166 ``` |
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167 |
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168 Fetches a list from a HTTP or HTTPS URL. The following options are accepted: |
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169 |
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170 Option Description |
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171 ------- ----------- |
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172 ttl Seconds to cache the list for. After expiry, it will be refetched. Default 3600 (1 hour). |
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173 pattern Optional pattern used to extract list entries from the response. Default is to treat each line as a single item. |
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174 hash Optional hash to be applied to items before looking them up in the list, e.g. sha1 or sha256. |
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175 checkcert Whether to verify HTTPS certificates. May be "always", "never" or "when-sni". Default "when-sni". |
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176 |
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177 The "when-sni" default disables certificate verification when Prosody's HTTP client API doesn't support SNI, |
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178 as in Prosody 0.11.6 and earlier. |
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179 |
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180 #### CHECK LIST |
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181 |
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182 Checks whether a simple [expression](#expressions) is found in a given list. |
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183 |
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184 Example: |
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185 |
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186 %LIST blacklist: file:/etc/prosody/blacklist.txt |
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187 |
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188 # Rule to block presence subscription requests from blacklisted JIDs |
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189 KIND: presence |
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190 TYPE: subscribe |
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191 CHECK LIST: blacklist contains $<@from> |
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192 BOUNCE=policy-violation (Your JID is blacklisted) |
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193 |
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194 #### SCAN |
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195 |
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196 SCAN allows you to search inside a stanza for a given pattern, and check each result against a list. For example, |
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197 you could scan a message body for words and check if any of the words are found in a given list. |
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198 |
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199 Before using SCAN, you need to define a search location and a pattern. The search location uses the same 'path' |
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200 format as documented under the 'INSPECT' condition. Patterns can be any valid Lua pattern. |
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201 |
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202 To use the above example: |
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203 |
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204 # Define a search location called 'body' which fetches the text of the 'body' element |
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205 %SEARCH body: body# |
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206 # Define a pattern called 'word' which matches any sequence of letters |
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207 %PATTERN word: [A-Za-z]+ |
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208 # Finally, we also need our list of "bad" words: |
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209 %LIST badwords: file:/etc/prosody/bad_words.txt |
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210 |
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211 # Now we can use these to SCAN incoming stanzas |
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212 # If it finds a match, bounce the stanza |
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213 SCAN: body for word in badwords |
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214 BOUNCE=policy-violation (This word is not allowed!) |
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215 |
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216 #### COUNT |
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217 |
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218 COUNT is similar to SCAN, in that it uses a defined SEARCH and breaks it up according to a PATTERN. Then it |
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219 counts the number of results. |
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220 |
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221 For example, to block every message with more than one URL: |
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222 |
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223 # Define a search location called 'body' which fetches the text of the 'body' element |
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224 %SEARCH body: body# |
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225 # Define a pattern called 'url' which matches HTTP links |
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226 %PATTERN url: https?://%S+ |
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227 |
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228 COUNT: url in body > 1 |
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229 BOUNCE=policy-violation (Up to one HTTP URL is allowed in messages) |
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230 |
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231 ### Stanza matching |
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233 Condition Matches |
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234 ----------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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235 `KIND` The kind of stanza. May be 'message', 'presence' or 'iq' |
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236 `TYPE` The type of stanza. This varies depending on the kind of stanza. See 'Stanza types' below for more information. |
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237 `PAYLOAD` The stanza contains a child with the given namespace. Useful for determining the type of an iq request, or whether a message contains a certain extension. |
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238 `INSPECT` The node at the specified path exists or matches a given string. This allows you to look anywhere inside a stanza. See below for examples and more. |
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239 |
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240 #### Stanza types |
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242 Stanza Valid types |
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243 ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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244 iq get, set, result, error |
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245 presence *available*, unavailable, probe, subscribe, subscribed, unsubscribe, unsubscribed, error |
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246 message normal, chat, groupchat, headline, error |
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248 **Note:** The type 'available' for presence does not actually appear in |
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249 the protocol. Available presence is signalled by the omission of a type. |
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250 Similarly, a message stanza with no type is equivalent to one of type |
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251 'normal'. mod\_firewall handles these cases for you automatically. |
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253 ### Sender/recipient matching |
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255 Condition Matches |
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256 ------------- ------------------------------------------------------- |
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257 `FROM` The JID in the 'from' attribute matches the given JID. |
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258 `TO` The JID in the 'to' attribute matches the given JID. |
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259 `TO SELF` The stanza is sent by any of a user's resources to their own bare JID. |
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260 `TO FULL JID` The stanza is addressed to a valid full JID on the local server (full JIDs include a resource at the end, and only exist for the lifetime of a single session, therefore the recipient must be online, or this check will not match). |
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262 The TO and FROM conditions both accept wildcards in the JID when it is |
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263 enclosed in angle brackets ('\<...\>'). For example: |
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264 |
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265 # All users at example.com |
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266 FROM: <*>@example.com |
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268 # The user 'admin' on any subdomain of example.com |
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269 FROM: admin@<*.example.com> |
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270 |
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271 You can also use [Lua's pattern |
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272 matching](http://www.lua.org/manual/5.1/manual.html#5.4.1) for more |
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273 powerful matching abilities. Patterns are a lightweight |
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274 regular-expression alternative. Simply contain the pattern in double |
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275 angle brackets. The pattern is automatically anchored at the start and |
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276 end (so it must match the entire portion of the JID). |
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278 # Match admin@example.com, and admin1@example.com, etc. |
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279 FROM: <<admin%d*>>@example.com |
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280 |
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281 **Note:** It is important to know that 'example.com' is a valid JID on |
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282 its own, and does **not** match 'user@example.com'. To perform domain |
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283 whitelists or blacklists, use [Zones](#zones). |
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| 286 ---------------- --------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| 287 `FROM_EXACTLY` The JID in the 'from' attribute exactly matches the given JID | |
| 288 `TO_EXACTLY` The JID in the 'to' attribute exactly matches the given JID | |
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289 |
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290 These additional conditions do not support pattern matching, but are |
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291 useful to match the exact to/from address on a stanza. For example, if |
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292 no resource is specified then only bare JIDs will be matched. TO and FROM |
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293 match all resources if no resource is specified to match. |
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294 |
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295 **Note:** Some chains execute before Prosody has performed any |
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296 normalisation or validity checks on the to/from JIDs on an incoming |
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297 stanza. It is not advisable to perform access control or similar rules |
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298 on JIDs in these chains (see the [chain documentation](#chains) for more info). |
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300 #### INSPECT |
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301 |
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302 INSPECT takes a 'path' through the stanza to get a string (an attribute |
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303 value or text content). An example is the best way to explain. Let's |
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304 check that a user is not trying to register an account with the username |
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305 'admin'. This stanza comes from [XEP-0077: In-band |
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306 Registration](http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0077.html#example-4): |
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307 |
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308 ``` xml |
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309 <iq type='set' id='reg2'> |
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310 <query xmlns='jabber:iq:register'> |
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311 <username>bill</username> |
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312 <password>Calliope</password> |
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313 <email>bard@shakespeare.lit</email> |
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314 </query> |
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315 </iq> |
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316 ``` |
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317 |
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318 KIND: iq |
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319 TYPE: set |
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320 PAYLOAD: jabber:iq:register |
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321 INSPECT: {jabber:iq:register}query/username#=admin |
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322 BOUNCE=not-allowed (The username 'admin' is reserved.) |
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323 |
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324 That weird string deserves some explanation. It is a path, divided into |
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325 segments by '/'. Each segment describes an element by its name, |
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326 optionally prefixed by its namespace in curly braces ('{...}'). If the |
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327 path ends with a '\#' then the text content of the last element will be |
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328 returned. If the path ends with '@name' then the value of the attribute |
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329 'name' will be returned. |
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330 |
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331 You can use INSPECT to test for the existence of an element or attribute, |
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332 or you can check if it matches a specific value, e.g. by appending `=VALUE` |
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333 (like in the example above, that checks if the content of username is 'admin'). |
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334 |
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335 #### INSPECT comparison operators |
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336 |
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337 As well as checking for an exact string match, there are some other modifiers |
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338 you can apply to the comparison: |
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339 |
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340 Comparison Matches when |
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341 ------------- ------------------------------------------------------- |
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342 `=` The value is exactly the given string. |
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343 `/=` The value is or *contains* the given string (e.g. `/=admin` would match `administrator` or `myadmin`). |
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344 `~=` The value matches the given [Lua pattern](https://www.lua.org/manual/5.2/manual.html#6.4.1). |
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345 |
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346 Finally, if the comparison operator is preceded by a `$` character, [expressions](#expressions) |
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347 will be interpreted in the string following the comparison operator. |
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348 |
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349 e.g. `INSPECT: {jabber:iq:register}query/username}$/=$(session.host)` would match |
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350 if the username of an account registration contained the session's current hostname |
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351 somewhere in it. |
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352 |
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353 #### INSPECT performance |
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354 |
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355 INSPECT can be somewhat slower than the other stanza matching conditions. To |
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356 minimise performance impact, always place it below other faster |
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357 condition checks where possible (e.g. in the example above we first checked KIND, |
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358 TYPE and PAYLOAD matched what we wanted before reaching the INSPECT rule). |
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359 |
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360 ### Roster |
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361 |
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362 These functions access the roster of the recipient (only). Therefore they cannot (currently) |
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363 be used in some [chains](#chains), such as for outgoing messages (the recipient may be on another server). |
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364 |
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365 Performance note: this check can potentially cause storage access (especially if the recipient |
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366 is currently offline), so you may want to limit its use in high-traffic situations, and place |
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367 it below other checks (such as a rate limiter). |
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368 |
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369 #### IN ROSTER |
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370 |
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371 Tests whether the sender is in the recipient's roster. |
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372 |
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373 IN ROSTER? |
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374 |
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375 #### IN ROSTER GROUP |
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376 |
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377 Tests whether the sender is in the recipient's roster, and in the named group. |
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378 |
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379 IN ROSTER GROUP: Friends |
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380 |
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381 #### SUBSCRIBED |
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382 |
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383 Tests whether the recipient is subscribed to the sender, ie will receive |
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384 presence updates from them. |
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385 |
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386 Note that this *does* work, regardless of direction and which [chain](#chain) is |
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387 used, since both the sender and the recipient will have mirrored roster |
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388 entries. |
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389 |
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390 ### Groups |
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391 |
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392 Using Prosody's mod\_groups it is possible to define groups of users on the server. You can |
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393 match based on these groups in firewall rules. |
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394 |
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395 Condition Matches |
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396 ----------------- ---------------------------- |
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397 `FROM GROUP` When the stanza is being sent from a member of the named group |
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398 `TO GROUP` When the stanza is being sent to a member of the named group |
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399 `CROSSING GROUPS` When the stanza is being sent between users of different named groups |
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400 |
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401 #### CROSSING GROUPS |
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402 |
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403 The `CROSSING GROUPS` condition takes a comma-separated list of groups to check. If the |
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404 sender and recipient are not in the same group (only the listed groups are checked), then the |
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405 this condition matches and the stanza is deemed to be crossing between groups. |
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406 |
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407 For example, if you had three groups: Engineering, Marketing and Employees. All users are |
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408 members of the 'Employees' group, and the others are for employees of the named department only. |
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409 |
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410 To prevent employees in the marketing department from communicating with engineers, you could use |
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411 the following rule: |
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412 |
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413 ``` |
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414 CROSSING GROUPS: Marketing, Engineering |
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415 BOUNCE=policy-violation (no communication between these groups is allowed!) |
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416 ``` |
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417 |
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418 This works, even though both the users are in the 'Employees' group, because that group is not listed |
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419 in the condition. |
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420 |
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421 In the above example, a user who is member of both groups is not restricted. |
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422 |
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423 #### SENT DIRECTED PRESENCE TO SENDER |
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424 |
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425 This condition matches if the recipient of a stanza has previously sent directed presence to the sender of the stanza. This |
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426 is often done in XMPP to exchange presence information with JIDs that are not on your roster, such as MUC rooms. |
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427 |
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428 This condition does not take a parameter - end the condition name with a question mark: |
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429 |
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430 # Rule to bounce messages from senders not in the roster who haven't been sent directed presence |
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431 NOT IN ROSTER? |
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432 NOT SENT DIRECTED PRESENCE TO SENDER? |
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433 BOUNCE=service-unavailable |
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434 |
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435 ### Admins |
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436 |
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437 Prosody allows certain JIDs to be declared as administrators of a host, component or the whole server. |
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438 |
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439 Condition Matches |
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440 ---------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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441 `TO ADMIN` When the recipient of the stanza is admin of the current host |
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442 `FROM ADMIN` When the sender of the stanza is admin of the current host |
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443 `FROM ADMIN OF` When the sender of the stanza is an admin of the named host on the current server |
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444 `TO ADMIN OF` When the recipient of the stanza is an admin of the named host on the current server |
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445 |
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446 ### Time and date |
| 1782 | 447 |
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448 #### TIME |
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449 |
| 1782 | 450 Matches stanzas sent during certain time periods. |
| 451 | |
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452 Condition Matches |
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453 ----------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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454 TIME When the current server local time is within one of the comma-separated time ranges given |
| 1782 | 455 |
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456 TIME: 10pm-6am, 14:00-15:00 |
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457 REPLY=Zzzz. |
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458 |
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459 #### DAY |
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460 |
| 1782 | 461 It is also possible to match only on certain days of the week. |
| 462 | |
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463 Condition Matches |
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464 ----------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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465 DAY When the current day matches one, or falls within a rage, in the given comma-separated list of days |
| 1782 | 466 |
| 467 Example: | |
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468 |
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469 DAY: Sat-Sun, Wednesday |
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470 REPLY=Sorry, I'm out enjoying life! |
| 1782 | 471 |
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472 All times and dates are handled in the server's local time. |
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473 |
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474 ### Rate-limiting |
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475 |
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476 It is possible to selectively rate-limit stanzas, and use rules to |
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477 decide what to do with stanzas when over the limit. |
| 1782 | 478 |
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479 First, you must define any rate limits that you are going to use in your |
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480 script. Here we create a limiter called 'normal' that will allow 2 |
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481 stanzas per second, and then we define a rule to bounce messages when |
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482 over this limit. Note that the `RATE` definition is not part of a rule |
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483 (multiple rules can share the same limiter). |
| 1782 | 484 |
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485 %RATE normal: 2 (burst 3) |
| 1782 | 486 |
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487 KIND: message |
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488 LIMIT: normal |
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489 BOUNCE=policy-violation (Sending too fast!) |
| 1782 | 490 |
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491 The 'burst' parameter on the rate limit allows you to spread the limit |
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492 check over a given time period. For example the definition shown above |
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493 will allow the limit to be temporarily surpassed, as long as it is |
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494 within the limit after 3 seconds. You will almost always want to specify |
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495 a burst factor. |
| 1782 | 496 |
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497 Both the rate and the burst can be fractional values. For example a rate |
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498 of 0.1 means only one event is allowed every 10 seconds. |
| 1782 | 499 |
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500 The LIMIT condition actually does two things; first it counts against |
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501 the given limiter, and then it checks to see if the limiter over its |
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502 limit yet. If it is, the condition matches, otherwise it will not. |
| 1782 | 503 |
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504 Condition Matches |
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505 ----------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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506 `LIMIT` When the named limit is 'used up'. Using this condition automatically counts against that limit. |
| 1782 | 507 |
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508 **Note:** Reloading mod\_firewall resets the current state of any |
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509 limiters. |
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510 |
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511 #### Dynamic limits |
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512 |
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513 Sometimes you may want to have multiple throttles in a single condition, using some property of the session or stanza |
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514 to determine which throttle to use. For example, you might have a limit for incoming stanzas, but you want to limit by |
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515 sending JID, instead of all incoming stanzas sharing the same limit. |
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516 |
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517 You can use the 'on' keyword for this, like so: |
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518 |
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519 LIMIT: normal on EXPRESSION |
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520 |
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521 For more information on [expressions](#expressions), see the section later in this document. |
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522 |
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523 Each value of 'EXPRESSION' has to be tracked individually in a table, which uses a small amount of memory. To prevent |
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524 memory exhaustion, the number of tracked values is limited to 1000 by default. You can override this by setting the |
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525 maximum number of table entries when you define the rate: |
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526 |
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527 %RATE normal: 2 (burst 3) (entries 4096) |
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528 |
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529 Old values are automatically removed from the tracking table. However if the tracking table becomes full, new entries |
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530 will be rejected - it will behave as if the rate limit was reached, even for values that have not been seen before. Since |
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531 this opens up a potential denial of service (innocent users may be affected if malicious users can fill up the tracking |
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532 table within the limit period). You can choose to instead "fail open", and allow the rate limit to be temporarily bypassed |
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533 when the table is full. To choose this behaviour, add `(allow overflow)` to the RATE definition. |
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534 |
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535 ### Session marking |
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536 |
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537 It is possible to 'mark' sessions (see the MARK_ORIGIN action below). To match stanzas from marked sessions, use the |
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538 `ORIGIN_MARKED` condition. |
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539 |
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540 Condition Description |
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541 ------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------- |
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542 ORIGIN MARKED: markname Matches if the origin has been marked with 'markname'. |
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543 ORIGIN MARKED: markname (Xs) Matches if the origin has been marked with 'markname' within the past X seconds. |
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544 |
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545 Example usage: |
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546 |
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547 # This rule drops messages from sessions that have been marked as spammers in the past hour |
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548 ORIGIN MARKED: spammer (3600s) |
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549 DROP. |
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550 |
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551 # This rule marks the origin session as a spammer if they send a message to a honeypot JID |
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552 KIND: message |
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553 TO: honeypot@example.com |
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554 MARK ORIGIN=spammer |
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555 |
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556 Actions |
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557 ------- |
| 1782 | 558 |
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559 Actions come after all conditions in a rule block. There must be at |
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560 least one action, though conditions are optional. |
| 1782 | 561 |
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562 An action without parameters ends with a full-stop/period ('.'), and one |
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563 with parameters uses an equals sign ('='): |
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564 |
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565 # An action with no parameters: |
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566 DROP. |
| 1782 | 567 |
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568 # An action with a parameter: |
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569 REPLY=Hello, this is a reply. |
| 1782 | 570 |
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571 ### Route modification |
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572 |
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573 The most common actions modify the stanza's route in some way. Currently |
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574 the first matching rule to do so will halt further processing of actions |
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575 and rules (this may change in the future). |
| 1782 | 576 |
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577 Action Description |
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578 ----------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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579 `PASS.` Stop executing actions and rules on this stanza, and let it through this chain and any calling chains. |
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580 `DROP.` Stop executing actions and rules on this stanza, and discard it. |
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581 `DEFAULT.` Stop executing actions and rules on this stanza, prevent any other scripts/modules from handling it, to trigger the appropriate default "unhandled stanza" behaviour. Do not use in custom chains (it is treated as PASS). |
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582 `REDIRECT=jid` Redirect the stanza to the given JID. |
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583 `REPLY=text` Reply to the stanza (assumed to be a message) with the given text. |
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584 `BOUNCE.` Bounce the stanza with the default error (usually service-unavailable) |
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585 `BOUNCE=error` Bounce the stanza with the given error (MUST be a defined XMPP stanza error, see [RFC6120](http://xmpp.org/rfcs/rfc6120.html#stanzas-error-conditions). |
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586 `BOUNCE=error (text)` As above, but include the supplied human-readable text with a description of the error |
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587 `COPY=jid` Make a copy of the stanza and send the copy to the specified JID. The copied stanza flows through Prosody's routing code, and as such is affected by firewall rules. Be careful to avoid loops. |
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588 `FORWARD=jid` Forward a copy of the stanza to the given JID (using XEP-0297). The stanza will be sent from the current host's JID. |
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589 |
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590 **Note:** It is incorrect behaviour to reply to an 'error' stanza with another error, so BOUNCE will simply act the same as 'DROP' for stanzas that should not be bounced (error stanzas and iq results). |
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591 |
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592 ### Stanza modification |
| 1782 | 593 |
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594 These actions make it possible to modify the content and structure of a |
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595 stanza. |
| 1782 | 596 |
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597 Action Description |
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598 ------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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599 `STRIP=name` Remove any child elements with the given name in the default namespace |
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600 `STRIP=name namespace` Remove any child elements with the given name and the given namespace |
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601 `INJECT=xml` Inject the given XML into the stanza as a child element |
| 1782 | 602 |
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603 ### Sessions |
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604 |
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605 It is possible to mark sessions, and then use these marks to match rules later on. |
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606 |
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607 Action Description |
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608 ------------------------ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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609 `MARK ORIGIN=mark` Marks the originating session with the given flag. |
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610 `UNMARK ORIGIN=mark` Removes the given mark from the origin session (if it is set). |
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611 |
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612 **Note:** Marks apply to sessions, not JIDs. E.g. if marking in a rule that matches a stanza received |
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613 over s2s, it is the s2s session that is marked. |
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614 |
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615 It is possible to have multiple marks on an origin at any given time. |
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616 |
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617 ### Informational |
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618 |
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619 Action Description |
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620 --------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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621 `LOG=message` Logs the given message to Prosody's log file. Optionally prefix it with a log level in square brackets, e.g. `[debug]` |
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622 |
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623 You can include [expressions](#expressions) in log messages, using `$(...)` syntax. For example, to log the stanza that matched the rule, |
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624 you can use `$(stanza)`, or to log just the top tag of the stanza, use `$(stanza:top_tag())`. To fetch the sender JID, use `$(stanza.attr.from)`. |
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625 |
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626 Example: |
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627 |
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628 # Log all stanzas to user@example.com: |
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629 TO: user@example.com |
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630 LOG=[debug] User received: $(stanza) |
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631 |
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632 More info about expressions can be found below. |
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633 |
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634 Chains |
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635 ------ |
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636 |
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637 Rules are grouped into "chains", which are injected at particular points in Prosody's routing code. |
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638 |
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639 Available built-in chains are: |
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640 |
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641 Chain Description |
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642 -------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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643 deliver Applies to stanzas delivered to local recipients (regardless of the stanza's origin) |
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644 deliver_remote Applies to stanzas delivered to remote recipients (just before they leave the local server) |
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645 preroute Applies to incoming stanzas from local users, before any routing rules are applied |
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646 |
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647 A chain is begun by a line `::name` where 'name' is the name of the chain you want the following rules to be |
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648 inserted into. If no chain is specified, rules are put into the 'deliver' chain. |
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649 |
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650 It is possible to create custom chains (useful with the JUMP_CHAIN action described below). User-created |
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651 chains must begin with "user/", e.g. "user/spam_filtering". |
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652 |
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653 Example of chain use: |
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654 |
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655 # example.com's firewall script |
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656 |
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657 # This line is optional, because 'deliver' is the default chain anyway: |
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658 ::deliver |
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659 |
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660 # This rule matches any stanzas delivered to our local user bob: |
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661 TO: bob@example.com |
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662 DROP. |
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663 |
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664 # Oops! This rule will never match, because alice is not a local user, |
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665 # and only stanzas to local users go through the 'deliver' chain: |
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666 TO: alice@remote.example.com |
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667 DROP. |
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668 |
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669 # Create a 'preroute' chain of rules (matched for incoming stanzas from local clients): |
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670 ::preroute |
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671 # These rules are matched for outgoing stanzas from local clients |
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672 |
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673 # This will match any stanzas sent to alice from a local user: |
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674 TO: alice@remote.example.com |
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675 DROP. |
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676 |
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677 Action Description |
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678 ------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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679 `JUMP CHAIN=name` Switches chains, and passes the stanza through the rules in chain 'name'. If the new chain causes the stanza to be dropped/redirected, the current chain halts further processing. |
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680 `RETURN.` Stops executing the current chain and returns to the parent chain. For built-in chains, equivalent to PASS. RETURN is implicit at the end of every chain. |
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681 |
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682 It is possible to jump to chains defined by other scripts and modules. |
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683 |
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684 Expressions |
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685 ----------- |
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686 |
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687 Some conditions and actions in rules support "expressions" in their parameters (their documentation will indicate if this is the case). Most parameters |
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688 are static once the firewall script is loaded and compiled internally, however parameters that allow expressions can be dynamically calculated when a |
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689 rule is being run. |
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690 |
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691 There are two kinds of expression that you can use: stanza expressions, and code expressions. |
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692 |
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693 ### Stanza expressions |
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694 |
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695 Stanza expressions are of the form `$<...>`, where `...` is a stanza path. For syntax of stanza paths, see the documentation for the 'INSPECT' condition |
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696 above. |
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697 |
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698 Example: |
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699 |
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700 LOG=Matched a stanza from $<@from> to $<@to> |
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701 |
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702 There are built in functions which can be applied to the output of a stanza expression, by appending the pipe ('|') operator, followed by the function |
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703 name. These functions are: |
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704 |
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705 Function Description |
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706 ------------ --------------------------------------- |
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707 bare Given a JID, strip any resource |
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708 node Return the node ('user part') of a JID |
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709 host Return the host ('domain') part of a JID |
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710 resource Return the resource part of a JID |
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711 |
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712 For example, to apply a rate limit to stanzas per sender domain: |
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713 |
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714 LIMIT normal on $<@from|host> |
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715 |
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716 If the path does not match (e.g. the element isn't found, or the attribute doesn't exist) or any of the functions fail to produce an output (e.g. an invalid |
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717 JID was passed to a function that only handles valid JIDs) the expression will return the text `<undefined>`. You can override this by ending the expression |
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718 with a double pipe ('||') followed by a quoted string to use as a default instead. E.g. to default to the string "normal" when there is no 'type' attribute: |
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719 |
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720 LOG=Stanza type is $<@type||"normal"> |
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721 |
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722 ### Code expressions |
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723 |
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724 Code expressions use `$(...)` syntax. Code expressions are powerful, and allow unconstrained access to Prosody's internal environment. Therefore |
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mod_firewall: README: Update for LIMIT 'on' and document expression syntax
Matthew Wild <mwild1@gmail.com>
parents:
2360
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725 code expressions are typically for advanced use-cases only. You may want to refer to Prosody's [developer documentation](https://prosody.im/doc/developers) |
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mod_firewall: README: Update for LIMIT 'on' and document expression syntax
Matthew Wild <mwild1@gmail.com>
parents:
2360
diff
changeset
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726 for more information. In particular, within code expressions you may access the 'session' object, which is the session object of the origin of the stanza, |
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2fb11d34087e
mod_firewall: README: Update for LIMIT 'on' and document expression syntax
Matthew Wild <mwild1@gmail.com>
parents:
2360
diff
changeset
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727 and the 'stanza' object, which is the stanza being considered within the current rule. Whatever value the expression returns will be converted to a string. |
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2fb11d34087e
mod_firewall: README: Update for LIMIT 'on' and document expression syntax
Matthew Wild <mwild1@gmail.com>
parents:
2360
diff
changeset
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728 |
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2fb11d34087e
mod_firewall: README: Update for LIMIT 'on' and document expression syntax
Matthew Wild <mwild1@gmail.com>
parents:
2360
diff
changeset
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729 Example to limit stanzas per session type: |
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2fb11d34087e
mod_firewall: README: Update for LIMIT 'on' and document expression syntax
Matthew Wild <mwild1@gmail.com>
parents:
2360
diff
changeset
|
730 |
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2fb11d34087e
mod_firewall: README: Update for LIMIT 'on' and document expression syntax
Matthew Wild <mwild1@gmail.com>
parents:
2360
diff
changeset
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731 LIMIT: normal on $(session.type) |