annotate mod_rest/README.markdown @ 4068:504a0cd5f883

mod_rest/README: Mention OAuth mod_http_oauth2 needs docs too
author Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
date Mon, 20 Jul 2020 21:55:07 +0200
parents 5790c3cf615b
children b89f381abaa9
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1 ---
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2 labels:
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3 - 'Stage-Alpha'
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4 summary: RESTful XMPP API
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5 ---
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6
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7 # Introduction
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8
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9 This is yet another RESTful API for sending and receiving stanzas via
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10 Prosody. It can be used to build bots and components implemented as HTTP
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11 services.
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12
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13 # Usage
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14
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15 ## On VirtualHosts
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16
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17 ```lua
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18 VirtualHost "example.com"
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19 modules_enabled = {"rest"}
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20 ```
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21
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22 ## As a Component
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23
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24 ``` {.lua}
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25 Component "rest.example.net" "rest"
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26 component_secret = "dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K"
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27 modules_enabled = {"http_oauth2"}
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28 ```
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29
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30 ## OAuth2
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31
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32 [mod_http_oauth2] can be used to grant bearer tokens which are
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33 accepted by mod_rest.
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34
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35 ## Sending stanzas
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36
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37 The API endpoint becomes available at the path `/rest`, so the full URL
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38 will be something like `https://your-prosody.example:5281/rest`.
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39
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40 To try it, simply `curl` an XML stanza payload:
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41
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42 ``` {.sh}
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43 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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44 --user username \
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45 -H 'Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml' \
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46 --data-binary '<message type="chat" to="user@example.org">
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47 <body>Hello!</body>
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48 </body>'
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49 ```
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50
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51 or a JSON payload:
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52
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53 ``` {.sh}
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54 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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55 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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56 -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
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57 --data-binary '{
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58 "body" : "Hello!",
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59 "kind" : "message",
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60 "to" : "user@example.org",
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61 "type" : "chat"
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62 }'
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63 ```
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64
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65 The `Content-Type` header is important!
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66
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67 ### Replies
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68
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69 A POST containing an `<iq>` stanza automatically wait for the reply,
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70 long-polling style.
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71
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72 ``` {.sh}
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73 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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74 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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75 -H 'Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml' \
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76 --data-binary '<iq type="get" to="example.net">
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77 <ping xmlns="urn:xmpp:ping"/>
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78 </iq>'
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79 ```
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80
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81 Replies to other kinds of stanzas that are generated by the same Prosody
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82 instance *MAY* be returned in the HTTP response. Replies from other
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83 entities (connected clients or remote servers) will not be returned, but
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84 can be forwarded via the callback API described in the next section.
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85
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86 ## Receiving stanzas
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87
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88 TL;DR: Set this webhook callback URL, get XML `POST`-ed there.
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89
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90 ``` {.lua}
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91 Component "rest.example.net" "rest"
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92 rest_credentials = "Bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K"
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93 rest_callback_url = "http://my-api.example:9999/stanzas"
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94 ```
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95
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96 To enable JSON payloads set
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97
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98 ``` {.lua}
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99 rest_callback_content_type = "application/json"
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100 ```
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101
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102 Example callback looks like:
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103
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104 ``` {.xml}
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105 POST /stanzas HTTP/1.1
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106 Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml
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107 Content-Length: 102
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108
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109 <message to="bot@rest.example.net" from="user@example.com" type="chat">
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110 <body>Hello</body>
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111 </message>
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112 ```
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113
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114 or as JSON:
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115
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116 ``` {.json}
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117 POST /stanzas HTTP/1.1
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118 Content-Type: application/json
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119 Content-Length: 133
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120
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121 {
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122 "body" : "Hello",
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123 "from" : "user@example.com",
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124 "kind" : "message",
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125 "to" : "bot@rest.example.net",
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126 "type" : "chat"
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127 }
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128 ```
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129
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130 ### Replying
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131
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132 To accept the stanza without returning a reply, respond with HTTP status
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133 code `202` or `204`.
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134
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135 HTTP status codes in the `4xx` and `5xx` range are mapped to an
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136 appropriate stanza error.
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137
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138 For full control over the response, set the `Content-Type` header to
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139 `application/xmpp+xml` and return an XMPP stanza as an XML snippet.
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140
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141 ``` {.xml}
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142 HTTP/1.1 200 Ok
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143 Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml
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144
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145 <message type="chat">
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146 <body>Yes, this is bot</body>
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147 </message>
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148 ```
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149
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150 ## Payload format
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151
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152 ### JSON
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153
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154 ``` {.json}
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155 {
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156 "body" : "Hello!",
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157 "kind" : "message",
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158 "type" : "chat"
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159 }
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160 ```
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161
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162 Further JSON object keys as follows:
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163
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164 #### Messages
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165
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166 `kind`
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167 : `"message"`
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168
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169 `type`
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170 : Commonly `"chat"` for 1-to-1 messages and `"groupchat"` for group
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171 chat messages. Others include `"normal"`, `"headline"` and
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172 `"error"`.
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173
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174 `body`
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175 : Human-readable message text.
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176
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177 `subject`
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178 : Message subject or MUC topic.
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179
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180 `html`
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181 : HTML.
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182
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183 `oob_url`
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184 : URL of an out-of-band resource, often used for images.
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185
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186 #### Presence
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187
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188 `kind`
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189 : `"presence"`
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190
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191 `type`
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192 : Empty for online or `"unavailable"` for offline.
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193
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194 `show`
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195 : [Online
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196 status](https://xmpp.org/rfcs/rfc6121.html#presence-syntax-children-show),
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197 `away`, `dnd` etc.
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198
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199 `status`
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200 : Human-readable status message.
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201
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202 `join`
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203 : Boolean. Join a group chat.
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204
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205 #### Info-Queries
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206
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207 Only one type of payload can be included in an `iq`.
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208
3827
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209 `kind`
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210 : `"iq"`
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211
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212 `type`
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213 : `"get"` or `"set"` for queries, `"response"` or `"error"` for
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214 replies.
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215
3826
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216 `ping`
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217 : Send a ping. Get a pong. Maybe.
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218
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219 `disco`
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220 : Retrieve service discovery information about an entity.
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221
3828
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222 `items`
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223 : Discover list of items (other services, groupchats etc).
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224
3813
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225 ### XML
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226
3800
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227 ``` {.xml}
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228 <message type="" id="" to="" from="" xml:lang="">
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229 ...
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230 </message>
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231 ```
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232
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233 An XML declaration (`<?xml?>`) **MUST NOT** be included.
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234
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235 The payload MUST contain one (1) `message`, `presence` or `iq` stanza.
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236
3801
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237 The stanzas MUST NOT have an `xmlns` attribute, and the default/empty
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238 namespace is treated as `jabber:client`.
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239
3808
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240 # Examples
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241
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242 ## Python / Flask
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243
3820
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244 Simple echo bot that responds to messages as XML:
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245
3813
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246 ``` {.python}
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247 from flask import Flask, Response, request
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248 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
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249
3809
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250 app = Flask("echobot")
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251
3808
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252
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253 @app.before_request
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254 def parse():
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255 request.stanza = ET.fromstring(request.data)
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256
3809
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257
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258 @app.route("/", methods=["POST"])
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259 def hello():
3809
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260 if request.stanza.tag == "message":
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261 return Response(
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262 "<message><body>Yes this is bot</body></message>",
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263 content_type="application/xmpp+xml",
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264 )
3808
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265
3809
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266 return Response(status=501)
3808
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267
3809
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268
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269 if __name__ == "__main__":
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270 app.run()
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271 ```
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272
3820
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273 And a JSON variant:
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274
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275 ``` {.python}
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276 from flask import Flask, Response, request, jsonify
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277
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278 app = Flask("echobot")
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279
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280
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281 @app.route("/", methods=["POST"])
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282 def hello():
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283 print(request.data)
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284 if request.is_json:
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285 data = request.get_json()
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286 if data["kind"] == "message":
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287 return jsonify({"body": "hello"})
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288
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289 return Response(status=501)
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290
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291
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292 if __name__ == "__main__":
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293 app.run()
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294 ```
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295
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296 Remember to set `rest_callback_content_type = "application/json"` for
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297 this to work.
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298
3857
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299 # JSON mapping
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300
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301 This section describes the JSON mapping. It can't represent any possible
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302 stanza, for full flexibility use the XML mode.
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303
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304 ## Stanza basics
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305
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306 `kind`
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307 : String representing the kind of stanza, one of `"message"`,
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308 `"presence"` or `"iq"`.
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309
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310 `type`
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311 : String with the type of stanza, appropriate values vary depending on
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312 `kind`, see [RFC 6121]. E.g.`"chat"` for *message* stanzas etc.
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313
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314 `to`
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315 : String containing the XMPP Address of the destination / recipient of
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316 the stanza.
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317
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318 `from`
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319 : String containing the XMPP Address of the sender the stanza.
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320
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321 `id`
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322 : String with a reasonably unique identifier for the stanza.
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323
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324 ## Basic Payloads
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325
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326 ### Messages
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327
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328 `body`
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329 : String, human readable text message.
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330
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331 `subject`
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332 : String, human readable summary equivalent to an email subject or the
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333 chat room topic in a `type:groupchat` message.
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334
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335 ### Presence
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336
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337 `show`
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338 : String representing availability, e.g. `"away"`, `"dnd"`. No value
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339 means a normal online status. See [RFC 6121] for the full list.
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340
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341 `status`
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342 : String with a human readable text message describing availability.
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343
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344 ## More payloads
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345
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346 ### Messages
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347
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348 `state`
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349 : String with current chat state, e.g. `"active"` (default) and
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350 `"composing"` (typing).
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351
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352 `html`
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353 : String with HTML allowing rich formating. **MUST** be contained in a
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354 `<body>` element.
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355
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356 `oob_url`
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357 : String with an URL of an external resource.
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358
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359 ### Presence
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360
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361 `join`
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362 : Boolean, used to join group chats.
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363
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364 ### IQ
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365
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366 `ping`
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367 : Boolean, a simple ping query. "Pongs" have only basic fields
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368 presents.
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369
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370 `version`
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371 : Map with `name`, `version` fields, and optionally an `os` field, to
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372 describe the software.
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373
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374 #### Service Discovery
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375
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376 `disco`
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377
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378 : Boolean `true` in a `kind:iq` `type:get` for a service discovery
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379 query.
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380
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381 Responses have a map containing an array of available features in
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382 the `features` key and an array of "identities" in the `identities`
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383 key. Each identity has a `category` and `type` field as well as an
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384 optional `name` field. See [XEP-0030] for further details.
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385
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386 `items`
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387 : Boolean `true` in a `kind:iq` `type:get` for a service discovery
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388 items list query. The response contain an array of items like
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389 `{"jid":"xmpp.address.here","name":"Description of item"}`.
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390
3953
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391 `extensions`
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392 : Map of extended feature discovery (see [XEP-0128]) data with
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393 `FORM_DATA` fields as the keys pointing at maps with the rest of the
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394 data.
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395
3890
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396 #### Ad-Hoc Commands
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397
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398 Used to execute arbitrary commands on supporting entities.
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399
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400 `command`
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401
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402 : String representing the command `node` or Map with the following
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403 possible fields:
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404
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405 `node`
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406 : Required string with node from disco\#items query for the
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407 command to execute.
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408
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409 `action`
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410 : Optional enum string defaulting to `"execute"`. Multi-step
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411 commands may involve `"next"`, `"prev"`, `"complete"` or
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412 `"cancel"`.
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413
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414 `actions`
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415 : Set (map of strings to `true`) with available actions to proceed
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416 with in multi-step commands.
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417
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418 `status`
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419 : String describing the status of the command, normally
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420 `"executing"`.
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421
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422 `sessionid`
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423 : Random session ID issued by the responder to identify the
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424 session in multi-step commands.
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425
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426 `note`
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427 : Map with `"type"` and `"text"` fields that carry simple result
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428 information.
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429
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430 `form`
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431 : Data form with description of expected input and data types in
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432 the next step of multi-step commands. **TODO** document format.
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433
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434 `data`
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435 : Map with only the data for result dataforms. Fields may be
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436 stings or arrays of strings.
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437
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438 ##### Example
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439
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440 Discovering commands:
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441
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442 ``` {.json}
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443 {
3946
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444 "items" : {
3890
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445 "node" : "http://jabber.org/protocol/commands"
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446 },
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447 "id" : "8iN9hwdAAcfTBchm",
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448 "kind" : "iq",
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449 "to" : "example.com",
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450 "type" : "get"
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451 }
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452 ```
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453
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454 Response:
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455
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456 ``` {.json}
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457 {
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458 "from" : "example.com",
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459 "id" : "8iN9hwdAAcfTBchm",
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460 "items" : [
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461 {
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462 "jid" : "example.com",
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463 "name" : "Get uptime",
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464 "node" : "uptime"
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465 }
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466 ],
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467 "kind" : "iq",
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468 "type" : "result"
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469 }
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470 ```
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471
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472 Execute the command:
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473
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474 ``` {.json}
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475 {
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476 "command" : {
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477 "node" : "uptime"
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478 },
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479 "id" : "Jv-87nRaP6Mnrp8l",
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480 "kind" : "iq",
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481 "to" : "example.com",
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482 "type" : "set"
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483 }
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484 ```
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485
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486 Executed:
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487
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488 ``` {.json}
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489 {
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490 "command" : {
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491 "node" : "uptime",
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492 "note" : {
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493 "text" : "This server has been running for 0 days, 20 hours and 54 minutes (since Fri Feb 7 18:05:30 2020)",
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494 "type" : "info"
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495 },
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496 "sessionid" : "6380880a-93e9-4f13-8ee2-171927a40e67",
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497 "status" : "completed"
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498 },
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499 "from" : "example.com",
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500 "id" : "Jv-87nRaP6Mnrp8l",
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501 "kind" : "iq",
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502 "type" : "result"
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503 }
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504 ```
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505
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506 - **TODO** Describe multi-step commands with dataforms.
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507
3794
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508 # Compatibility
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509
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510 Requires Prosody trunk / 0.12