Mercurial > prosody-modules
annotate mod_firewall/README.markdown @ 2576:95b79d515a65
mod_firewall: README: Document TO/FROM ADMIN, FORWARD, TO SELF and TO FULL JID
| author | Matthew Wild <mwild1@gmail.com> |
|---|---|
| date | Sat, 25 Feb 2017 15:48:20 +0000 |
| parents | 99b32f77f00d |
| children | 1e1c929c1aa5 |
| rev | line source |
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1 --- |
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2 labels: |
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3 - 'Stage-Alpha' |
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4 summary: 'A rule-based stanza filtering module' |
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5 ... |
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6 |
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7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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9 **Note:** mod\_firewall is in its very early stages. This documentation |
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10 is liable to change, and some described functionality may be missing, |
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11 incomplete or contain bugs. |
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13 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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15 Introduction |
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16 ============ |
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18 A firewall is an invaluable tool in the sysadmin's toolbox. However |
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19 while low-level firewalls such as iptables and pf are incredibly good at |
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20 what they do, they are generally not able to handle application-layer |
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21 rules. |
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23 The goal of mod\_firewall is to provide similar services at the XMPP |
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24 layer. Based on rule scripts it can efficiently block, bounce, drop, |
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25 forward, copy, redirect stanzas and more! Furthermore all rules can be |
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26 applied and updated dynamically at runtime without restarting the |
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27 server. |
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29 Details |
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30 ======= |
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32 mod\_firewall loads one or more scripts, and compiles these to Lua code |
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33 that reacts to stanzas flowing through Prosody. The firewall script |
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34 syntax is unusual, but straightforward. |
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36 A firewall script is dominated by rules. Each rule has two parts: |
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37 conditions, and actions. When a stanza matches all of the conditions, |
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38 all of the actions are executed in order. |
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| 40 Here is a simple example to block stanzas from spammer@example.com: | |
| 41 | |
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42 FROM: spammer@example.com |
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43 DROP. |
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45 FROM is a condition, and DROP is an action. This is about as simple as |
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46 it gets. How about heading to the other extreme? Let's demonstrate |
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47 something more complex that mod\_firewall can do for you: |
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49 %ZONE myorganisation: staff.myorg.example, support.myorg.example |
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51 ENTERING: myorganisation |
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52 KIND: message |
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53 TIME: 12am-9am, 5pm-12am, Saturday, Sunday |
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54 REPLY=Sorry, I am afraid our office is closed at the moment. If you need assistance, please call our 24-hour support line on 123-456-789. |
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56 This rule will reply with a short message whenever someone tries to send |
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57 a message to someone at any of the hosts defined in the 'myorganisation' |
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58 outside of office hours. |
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60 Specifying rule sets |
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61 -------------------- |
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62 |
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63 Firewall rules should be written into text files, e.g. `ruleset.pfw` file. |
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64 One or more rule files can be specified in the configuration using: |
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65 |
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66 firewall_scripts = { "path/to/ruleset.pfw", "path/to/ruleset2.pfw" } |
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67 |
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68 If multiple files are specified and they both add rules to the same chains, |
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69 each file's rules will be processed in order, but the order of files is undefined. |
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71 Conditions |
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72 ---------- |
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73 |
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74 All conditions must come before any action in a rule block. The |
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75 condition name is followed by a colon (':'), and the value to test for. |
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77 A condition can be preceded or followed by `NOT` to negate its match. |
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78 For example: |
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80 NOT FROM: user@example.com |
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81 KIND NOT: message |
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83 Some conditions do not take parameters, and these should end with just a |
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84 question mark, like: |
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85 |
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86 IN ROSTER? |
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87 |
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88 ### Zones |
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90 A 'zone' is one or more hosts or JIDs. It is possible to match when a |
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91 stanza is entering or leaving a zone, while at the same time not |
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92 matching traffic passing between JIDs in the same zone. |
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94 Zones are defined at the top of a script with the following syntax (they |
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95 are not part of a rule block): |
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97 %ZONE myzone: host1, host2, user@host3, foo.bar.example |
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99 There is an automatic zone named `$local`, which automatically includes |
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100 all of the current server's active hosts (including components). It can |
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101 be used to match stanzas entering or leaving the current server. |
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102 |
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103 A host listed in a zone also matches all users on that host (but not |
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104 subdomains). |
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| 106 The following zone-matching conditions are supported: | |
| 107 | |
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108 Condition Matches |
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109 ------------ ------------------------------------------ |
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110 `ENTERING` When a stanza is entering the named zone |
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111 `LEAVING` When a stanza is leaving the named zone |
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113 ### Lists |
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114 |
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115 It is possible to create or load lists of strings for use in scripts. For example, you might load a JID blacklist, |
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116 a list of malware URLs or simple words that you want to filter messages on. |
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117 |
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118 List type Example |
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119 ----------- ----------------------- |
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120 memory %LIST spammers: memory |
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121 file %LIST spammers: file:/etc/spammers.txt |
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122 http %LIST spammers: http://example.com/spammers.txt |
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123 |
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124 #### CHECK LIST |
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125 |
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126 Checks whether a simple expression is found in a given list. |
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127 |
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128 Example: |
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129 |
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130 %LIST blacklist: file:/etc/prosody/blacklist.txt |
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131 |
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132 # Rule to block presence subscription requests from blacklisted JIDs |
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133 KIND: presence |
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134 TYPE: subscribe |
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135 CHECK LIST: blacklist contains $<@from> |
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136 BOUNCE=policy-violation (Your JID is blacklisted) |
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137 |
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138 #### SCAN |
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139 |
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140 SCAN allows you to search inside a stanza for a given pattern, and check each result against a list. For example, |
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141 you could scan a message body for words and check if any of the words are found in a given list. |
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142 |
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143 Before using SCAN, you need to define a search location and a pattern. The search location uses the same 'path' |
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144 format as documented under the 'INSPECT' condition. Patterns can be any valid Lua pattern. |
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145 |
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146 To use the above example: |
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147 |
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148 # Define a search location called 'body' which fetches the text of the 'body' element |
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149 %SEARCH body: body# |
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150 # Define a pattern called 'word' which matches any sequence of letters |
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151 %PATTERN word: [A-Za-z]+ |
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152 # Finally, we also need our list of "bad" words: |
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153 %LIST badwords: file:/etc/prosody/bad_words.txt |
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154 |
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155 # Now we can use these to SCAN incoming stanzas |
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156 # If it finds a match, bounce the stanza |
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157 SCAN: body for word in badwords |
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158 BOUNCE=policy-violation (This word is not allowed!) |
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159 |
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160 #### COUNT |
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161 |
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162 COUNT is similar to SCAN, in that it uses a defined SEARCH and breaks it up according to a PATTERN. Then it |
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163 counts the number of results. |
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164 |
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165 For example, to block every message with more than one URL: |
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166 |
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167 # Define a search location called 'body' which fetches the text of the 'body' element |
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168 %SEARCH body: body# |
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169 # Define a pattern called 'url' which matches HTTP links |
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170 %PATTERN url: https?://%S+ |
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171 |
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172 COUNT: url in body > 1 |
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173 BOUNCE=policy-violation (Up to one HTTP URL is allowed in messages) |
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174 |
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175 ### Stanza matching |
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177 Condition Matches |
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178 ----------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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179 `KIND` The kind of stanza. May be 'message', 'presence' or 'iq' |
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180 `TYPE` The type of stanza. This varies depending on the kind of stanza. See 'Stanza types' below for more information. |
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181 `PAYLOAD` The stanza contains a child with the given namespace. Useful for determining the type of an iq request, or whether a message contains a certain extension. |
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182 `INSPECT` The node at the specified path exists or matches a given string. This allows you to look anywhere inside a stanza. See below for examples and more. |
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183 |
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184 #### Stanza types |
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186 Stanza Valid types |
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187 ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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188 iq get, set, result, error |
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189 presence *available*, unavailable, probe, subscribe, subscribed, unsubscribe, unsubscribed, error |
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190 message normal, chat, groupchat, headline, error |
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192 **Note:** The type 'available' for presence does not actually appear in |
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193 the protocol. Available presence is signalled by the omission of a type. |
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194 Similarly, a message stanza with no type is equivalent to one of type |
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195 'normal'. mod\_firewall handles these cases for you automatically. |
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197 ### Sender/recipient matching |
| 1782 | 198 |
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199 Condition Matches |
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200 ------------- ------------------------------------------------------- |
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201 `FROM` The JID in the 'from' attribute matches the given JID. |
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202 `TO` The JID in the 'to' attribute matches the given JID. |
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203 `TO SELF` The stanza is sent by any of a user's resources to their own bare JID. |
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204 `TO FULL JID` The stanza is addressed to a valid full JID on the local server (full JIDs include a resource at the end, and only exist for the lifetime of a single session, therefore the recipient must be online, or this check will not match). |
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206 The TO and FROM conditions both accept wildcards in the JID when the wildcard |
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207 expression is enclosed in angle brackets ('\<...\>'). For example: |
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208 |
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209 # All users at example.com |
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210 FROM: <*>@example.com |
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212 # The user 'admin' on any subdomain of example.com |
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213 FROM: admin@<*.example.com> |
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214 |
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215 You can also use [Lua's pattern |
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216 matching](http://www.lua.org/manual/5.1/manual.html#5.4.1) for more |
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217 powerful matching abilities. Patterns are a lightweight |
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218 regular-expression alternative. Simply contain the pattern in double |
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219 angle brackets. The pattern is automatically anchored at the start and |
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220 end (so it must match the entire portion of the JID). |
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222 # Match admin@example.com, and admin1@example.com, etc. |
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223 FROM: <<admin%d*>>@example.com |
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224 |
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225 **Note:** It is important to know that 'example.com' is a valid JID on |
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226 its own, and does **not** match 'user@example.com'. To perform domain |
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227 whitelists or blacklists, use Zones. |
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| 2047 | 229 Condition Matches |
| 230 ---------------- --------------------------------------------------------------- | |
| 231 `FROM_EXACTLY` The JID in the 'from' attribute exactly matches the given JID | |
| 232 `TO_EXACTLY` The JID in the 'to' attribute exactly matches the given JID | |
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233 |
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234 These additional conditions do not support pattern matching, but are |
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235 useful to match the exact to/from address on a stanza. For example, if |
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236 no resource is specified then only bare JIDs will be matched. TO and FROM |
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237 match all resources if no resource is specified to match. |
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238 |
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239 **Note:** Some chains execute before Prosody has performed any |
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240 normalisation or validity checks on the to/from JIDs on an incoming |
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241 stanza. It is not advisable to perform access control or similar rules |
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242 on JIDs in these chains (see the chain documentation for more info). |
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244 #### INSPECT |
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245 |
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246 INSPECT takes a 'path' through the stanza to get a string (an attribute |
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247 value or text content). An example is the best way to explain. Let's |
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248 check that a user is not trying to register an account with the username |
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249 'admin'. This stanza comes from [XEP-0077: In-band |
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250 Registration](http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0077.html#example-4): |
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251 |
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252 ``` xml |
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253 <iq type='set' id='reg2'> |
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254 <query xmlns='jabber:iq:register'> |
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255 <username>bill</username> |
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256 <password>Calliope</password> |
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257 <email>bard@shakespeare.lit</email> |
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258 </query> |
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259 </iq> |
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260 ``` |
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261 |
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262 KIND: iq |
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263 TYPE: set |
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264 PAYLOAD: jabber:iq:register |
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265 INSPECT: {jabber:iq:register}query/username#=admin |
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266 BOUNCE=not-allowed (The username 'admin' is reserved.) |
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267 |
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268 That weird string deserves some explanation. It is a path, divided into |
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269 segments by '/'. Each segment describes an element by its name, |
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270 optionally prefixed by its namespace in curly braces ('{...}'). If the |
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271 path ends with a '\#' then the text content of the last element will be |
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272 returned. If the path ends with '@name' then the value of the attribute |
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273 'name' will be returned. |
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274 |
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275 You can use INSPECT to test for the existence of an element or attribute, |
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276 or you can see if it is equal to a string by appending `=STRING` (as in the |
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277 example above). Finally,you can also test whether it matches a given Lua |
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278 pattern by using `~=PATTERN`. |
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279 |
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280 INSPECT is somewhat slower than the other stanza matching conditions. To |
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281 minimise performance impact, always place it below other faster |
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282 condition checks where possible (e.g. above we first checked KIND, TYPE |
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283 and PAYLOAD matched before INSPECT). |
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284 |
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285 ### Roster |
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286 |
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287 These functions access the roster of the recipient (only). Therefore they cannot (currently) |
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288 be used in some chains, such as for outgoing messages (the recipient may be on another server). |
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289 |
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290 Performance note: this check can potentially cause storage access (especially if the recipient |
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291 is currently offline), so you may want to limit its use in high-traffic situations, and place |
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292 it below other checks (such as a rate limiter). |
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293 |
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294 #### IN ROSTER |
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295 |
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296 Tests whether the sender is in the recipient's roster. |
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297 |
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298 IN ROSTER? |
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299 |
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300 #### IN ROSTER GROUP |
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301 |
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302 Tests whether the sender is in the recipient's roster, and in the named group. |
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303 |
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304 IN ROSTER GROUP: Friends |
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305 |
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306 #### SUBSCRIBED |
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307 |
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308 Tests whether the recipient is subscribed to the sender, ie will receive |
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309 presence updates from them. |
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310 |
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311 Note that this *does* work, regardless of direction and which chain is |
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312 used, since both the sender and the recipient will have mirrored roster |
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313 entries. |
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314 |
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315 ### Groups |
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316 |
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317 Using Prosody's mod\_groups it is possible to define groups of users on the server. You can |
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318 match based on these groups in firewall rules. |
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319 |
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320 Condition Matches |
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321 ------------- ---------------------------- |
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322 `FROM GROUP` When the stanza is being sent from a member of the named group |
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323 `TO GROUP` When the stanza is being sent to a member of the named group |
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324 |
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325 #### SENT DIRECTED PRESENCE TO SENDER |
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326 |
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327 This condition matches if the recipient of a stanza has previously sent directed presence to the sender of the stanza. This |
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328 is often done in XMPP to exchange presence information with JIDs that are not on your roster, such as MUC rooms. |
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329 |
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330 This condition does not take a parameter - end the condition name with a question mark: |
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331 |
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332 # Rule to bounce messages from senders not in the roster who haven't been sent directed presence |
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333 NOT IN ROSTER? |
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334 NOT SENT DIRECTED PRESENCE TO SENDER? |
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335 BOUNCE=service-unavailable |
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336 |
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337 ### Admins |
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338 |
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339 Prosody allows certain JIDs to be declared as administrators of a host, component or the whole server. |
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340 |
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341 Condition Matches |
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342 ---------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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343 `TO ADMIN` When the recipient of the stanza is admin of the current host |
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344 `FROM ADMIN` When the sender of the stanza is admin of the current host |
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345 `FROM ADMIN OF` When the sender of the stanza is an admin of the named host on the current server |
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346 `TO ADMIN OF` When the recipient of the stanza is an admin of the named host on the current server |
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347 |
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348 ### Time and date |
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350 #### TIME |
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351 |
| 1782 | 352 Matches stanzas sent during certain time periods. |
| 353 | |
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354 Condition Matches |
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355 ----------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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356 TIME When the current server local time is within one of the comma-separated time ranges given |
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358 TIME: 10pm-6am, 14:00-15:00 |
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359 REPLY=Zzzz. |
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360 |
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361 #### DAY |
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362 |
| 1782 | 363 It is also possible to match only on certain days of the week. |
| 364 | |
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365 Condition Matches |
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366 ----------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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367 DAY When the current day matches one, or falls within a rage, in the given comma-separated list of days |
| 1782 | 368 |
| 369 Example: | |
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370 |
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371 DAY: Sat-Sun, Wednesday |
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372 REPLY=Sorry, I'm out enjoying life! |
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374 All times and dates are handled in the server's local time. |
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375 |
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376 ### Rate-limiting |
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377 |
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378 It is possible to selectively rate-limit stanzas, and use rules to |
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379 decide what to do with stanzas when over the limit. |
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381 First, you must define any rate limits that you are going to use in your |
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382 script. Here we create a limiter called 'normal' that will allow 2 |
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383 stanzas per second, and then we define a rule to bounce messages when |
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384 over this limit. Note that the `RATE` definition is not part of a rule |
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385 (multiple rules can share the same limiter). |
| 1782 | 386 |
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387 %RATE normal: 2 (burst 3) |
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389 KIND: message |
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390 LIMIT: normal |
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391 BOUNCE=policy-violation (Sending too fast!) |
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393 The 'burst' parameter on the rate limit allows you to spread the limit |
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394 check over a given time period. For example the definition shown above |
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395 will allow the limit to be temporarily surpassed, as long as it is |
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396 within the limit after 3 seconds. You will almost always want to specify |
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397 a burst factor. |
| 1782 | 398 |
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399 Both the rate and the burst can be fractional values. For example a rate |
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400 of 0.1 means only one event is allowed every 10 seconds. |
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402 The LIMIT condition actually does two things; first it counts against |
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403 the given limiter, and then it checks to see if the limiter over its |
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404 limit yet. If it is, the condition matches, otherwise it will not. |
| 1782 | 405 |
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406 Condition Matches |
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407 ----------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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408 `LIMIT` When the named limit is 'used up'. Using this condition automatically counts against that limit. |
| 1782 | 409 |
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410 **Note:** Reloading mod\_firewall resets the current state of any |
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411 limiters. |
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412 |
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413 #### Dynamic limits |
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414 |
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415 Sometimes you may want to have multiple throttles in a single condition, using some property of the session or stanza |
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416 to determine which throttle to use. For example, you might have a limit for incoming stanzas, but you want to limit by |
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417 sending JID, instead of all incoming stanzas sharing the same limit. |
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418 |
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419 You can use the 'on' keyword for this, like so: |
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420 |
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421 LIMIT: normal on EXPRESSION |
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422 |
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423 For more information on expressions, see the section later in this document. |
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424 |
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425 Each value of 'EXPRESSION' has to be tracked individually in a table, which uses a small amount of memory. To prevent |
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426 memory exhaustion, the number of tracked values is limited to 1000 by default. You can override this by setting the |
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427 maximum number of table entries when you define the rate: |
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428 |
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429 %RATE normal: 2 (burst 3) (entries 4096) |
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430 |
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431 Old values are automatically removed from the tracking table. However if the tracking table becomes full, new entries |
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432 will be rejected - it will behave as if the rate limit was reached, even for values that have not been seen before. Since |
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433 this opens up a potential denial of service (innocent users may be affected if malicious users can fill up the tracking |
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434 table within the limit period). You can choose to instead "fail open", and allow the rate limit to be temporarily bypassed |
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435 when the table is full. To choose this behaviour, add `(allow overflow)` to the RATE definition. |
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436 |
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437 ### Session marking |
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438 |
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439 It is possible to 'mark' sessions (see the MARK_ORIGIN action below). To match stanzas from marked sessions, use the |
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440 `ORIGIN_MARKED` condition. |
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441 |
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442 Condition Description |
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443 ------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------- |
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444 ORIGIN MARKED: markname Matches if the origin has been marked with 'markname'. |
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445 ORIGIN MARKED: markname (Xs) Matches if the origin has been marked with 'markname' within the past X seconds. |
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446 |
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447 Example usage: |
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448 |
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449 # This rule drops messages from sessions that have been marked as spammers in the past hour |
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450 ORIGIN MARKED: spammer (3600s) |
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451 DROP. |
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452 |
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453 # This rule marks the origin session as a spammer if they send a message to a honeypot JID |
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454 KIND: message |
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455 TO: honeypot@example.com |
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456 MARK ORIGIN=spammer |
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457 |
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458 Actions |
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459 ------- |
| 1782 | 460 |
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461 Actions come after all conditions in a rule block. There must be at |
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462 least one action, though conditions are optional. |
| 1782 | 463 |
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464 An action without parameters ends with a full-stop/period ('.'), and one |
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465 with parameters uses an equals sign ('='): |
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466 |
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467 # An action with no parameters: |
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468 DROP. |
| 1782 | 469 |
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470 # An action with a parameter: |
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471 REPLY=Hello, this is a reply. |
| 1782 | 472 |
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473 ### Route modification |
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474 |
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475 The most common actions modify the stanza's route in some way. Currently |
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476 the first matching rule to do so will halt further processing of actions |
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477 and rules (this may change in the future). |
| 1782 | 478 |
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479 Action Description |
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480 ----------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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481 `PASS.` Stop executing actions and rules on this stanza, and let it through this chain and any calling chains. |
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482 `DROP.` Stop executing actions and rules on this stanza, and discard it. |
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483 `DEFAULT.` Stop executing actions and rules on this stanza, prevent any other scripts/modules from handling it, to trigger the appropriate default "unhandled stanza" behaviour. Do not use in custom chains (it is treated as PASS). |
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484 `REDIRECT=jid` Redirect the stanza to the given JID. |
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485 `REPLY=text` Reply to the stanza (assumed to be a message) with the given text. |
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486 `BOUNCE.` Bounce the stanza with the default error (usually service-unavailable) |
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487 `BOUNCE=error` Bounce the stanza with the given error (MUST be a defined XMPP stanza error, see [RFC6120](http://xmpp.org/rfcs/rfc6120.html#stanzas-error-conditions). |
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488 `BOUNCE=error (text)` As above, but include the supplied human-readable text with a description of the error |
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489 `COPY=jid` Make a copy of the stanza and send the copy to the specified JID. The copied stanza flows through Prosody's routing code, and as such is affected by firewall rules. Be careful to avoid loops. |
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490 `FORWARD=jid` Forward a copy of the stanza to the given JID (using XEP-0297). The stanza will be sent from the current host's JID. |
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491 |
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492 **Note:** It is incorrect behaviour to reply to an 'error' stanza with another error, so BOUNCE will simply act the same as 'DROP' for stanzas that should not be bounced (error stanzas and iq results). |
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493 |
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494 ### Stanza modification |
| 1782 | 495 |
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496 These actions make it possible to modify the content and structure of a |
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497 stanza. |
| 1782 | 498 |
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499 Action Description |
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500 ------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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501 `STRIP=name` Remove any child elements with the given name in the default namespace |
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502 `STRIP=name namespace` Remove any child elements with the given name and the given namespace |
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503 `INJECT=xml` Inject the given XML into the stanza as a child element |
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505 ### Sessions |
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506 |
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507 It is possible to mark sessions, and then use these marks to match rules later on. |
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508 |
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509 Action Description |
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510 ------------------------ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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511 `MARK ORIGIN=mark` Marks the originating session with the given flag. |
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512 `UNMARK ORIGIN=mark` Removes the given mark from the origin session (if it is set). |
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513 |
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514 **Note:** Marks apply to sessions, not JIDs. E.g. if marking in a rule that matches a stanza received |
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515 over s2s, it is the s2s session that is marked. |
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516 |
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517 It is possible to have multiple marks on an origin at any given time. |
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518 |
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519 ### Informational |
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520 |
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521 Action Description |
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522 --------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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523 `LOG=message` Logs the given message to Prosody's log file. Optionally prefix it with a log level in square brackets, e.g. `[debug]` |
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524 |
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525 You can include expressions in log messages, using `$(...)` syntax. For example, to log the stanza that matched the rule, you can use $(stanza), |
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526 or to log just the top tag of the stanza, use $(stanza:top_tag()). |
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527 |
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528 Example: |
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529 |
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530 # Log all stanzas to user@example.com: |
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531 TO: user@example.com |
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532 LOG=[debug] User received: $(stanza) |
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533 |
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534 More info about expressions can be found below. |
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535 |
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536 Chains |
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537 ------ |
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538 |
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539 Rules are grouped into "chains", which are injected at particular points in Prosody's routing code. |
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540 |
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541 Available built-in chains are: |
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542 |
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543 Chain Description |
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544 -------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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545 deliver Applies to stanzas delivered to local recipients (regardless of the stanza's origin) |
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546 deliver_remote Applies to stanzas delivered to remote recipients (just before they leave the local server) |
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547 preroute Applies to incoming stanzas from local users, before any routing rules are applied |
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548 |
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549 A chain is begun by a line `::name` where 'name' is the name of the chain you want the following rules to be |
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550 inserted into. If no chain is specified, rules are put into the 'deliver' chain. |
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551 |
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552 It is possible to create custom chains (useful with the JUMP_CHAIN action described below). User-created |
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553 chains must begin with "user/", e.g. "user/spam_filtering". |
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554 |
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555 Example of chain use: |
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556 |
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557 # example.com's firewall script |
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558 |
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559 # This line is optional, because 'deliver' is the default chain anyway: |
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560 ::deliver |
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561 |
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562 # This rule matches any stanzas delivered to our local user bob: |
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563 TO: bob@example.com |
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564 DROP. |
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565 |
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566 # Oops! This rule will never match, because alice is not a local user, |
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567 # and only stanzas to local users go through the 'deliver' chain: |
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568 TO: alice@remote.example.com |
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569 DROP. |
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570 |
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571 # Create a 'preroute' chain of rules (matched for incoming stanzas from local clients): |
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572 ::preroute |
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573 # These rules are matched for outgoing stanzas from local clients |
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574 |
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575 # This will match any stanzas sent to alice from a local user: |
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576 TO: alice@remote.example.com |
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577 DROP. |
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578 |
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579 Action Description |
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580 ------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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581 `JUMP CHAIN=name` Switches chains, and passes the stanza through the rules in chain 'name'. If the new chain causes the stanza to be dropped/redirected, the current chain halts further processing. |
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582 `RETURN.` Stops executing the current chain and returns to the parent chain. For built-in chains, equivalent to PASS. RETURN is implicit at the end of every chain. |
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583 |
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584 It is possible to jump to chains defined by other scripts and modules. |
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585 |
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586 Expressions |
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587 ----------- |
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588 |
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589 Some conditions and actions in rules support "expressions" in their parameters (their documentation will indicate if this is the case). Most parameters |
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590 are static once the firewall script is loaded and compiled internally, however parameters that allow expressions can be dynamically calculated when a |
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591 rule is being run. |
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592 |
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593 There are two kinds of expression that you can use: stanza expressions, and code expressions. |
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594 |
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595 ### Stanza expressions |
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596 |
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597 Stanza expressions are of the form `$<...>`, where `...` is a stanza path. For syntax of stanza paths, see the documentation for the 'INSPECT' condition |
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598 above. |
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599 |
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600 Example: |
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601 |
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602 LOG=Matched a stanza from $<@from> to $<@to> |
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603 |
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604 There are built in functions which can be applied to the output of a stanza expression, by appending the pipe ('|') operator, followed by the function |
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605 name. These functions are: |
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606 |
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607 Function Description |
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608 ------------ --------------------------------------- |
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609 bare Given a JID, strip any resource |
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610 node Return the node ('user part') of a JID |
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611 host Return the host ('domain') part of a JID |
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612 resource Return the resource part of a JID |
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613 |
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614 For example, to apply a rate limit to stanzas per sender domain: |
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615 |
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616 LIMIT normal on $<@from|domain> |
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617 |
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618 If the path does not match (e.g. the element isn't found, or the attribute doesn't exist) or any of the functions fail to produce an output (e.g. an invalid |
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619 JID was passed to a function that only handles valid JIDs) the expression will return the text `<undefined>`. You can override this by ending the expression |
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620 with a double pipe ('||') followed by a quoted string to use as a default instead. E.g. to default to the string "normal" when there is no 'type' attribute: |
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621 |
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622 LOG=Stanza type is $<@type||"normal"> |
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623 |
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624 ### Code expressions |
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625 |
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626 Code expressions use `$(...)` syntax. Code expressions are powerful, and allow unconstrained access to Prosody's internal environment. Therefore |
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627 code expressions are typically for advanced use-cases only. You may want to refer to Prosody's [developer documentation](https://prosody.im/doc/developers) |
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628 for more information. In particular, within code expressions you may access the 'session' object, which is the session object of the origin of the stanza, |
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629 and the 'stanza' object, which is the stanza being considered within the current rule. Whatever value the expression returns will be converted to a string. |
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630 |
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631 Example to limit stanzas per session type: |
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632 |
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633 LIMIT: normal on $(session.type) |