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annotate mod_rest/README.markdown @ 4516:5bc706c2db8f

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mod_http_admin_api: allow updating the user nickname via API
author Jonas Schäfer <jonas@wielicki.name>
date Mon, 22 Mar 2021 17:52:28 +0100
parents 508cb880b163
children 073f5397c1d2
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1 ---
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2 labels:
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3 - 'Stage-Alpha'
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4 summary: RESTful XMPP API
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5 rockspec:
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6 build:
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7 modules:
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8 mod_rest.jsonmap: jsonmap.lib.lua
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9 copy_directories:
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10 - example
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11 ---
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12
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13 # Introduction
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14
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15 This is yet another RESTful API for sending and receiving stanzas via
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16 Prosody. It can be used to build bots and components implemented as HTTP
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17 services.
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18
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19 # Usage
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20
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21 ## On VirtualHosts
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22
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23 ```lua
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24 VirtualHost "example.com"
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25 modules_enabled = {"rest"}
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26 ```
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27
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28 ## As a Component
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29
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30 ``` {.lua}
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31 Component "rest.example.net" "rest"
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32 component_secret = "dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K"
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33 modules_enabled = {"http_oauth2"}
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34 ```
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35
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36 ## OAuth2
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37
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38 [mod_http_oauth2] can be used to grant bearer tokens which are
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39 accepted by mod_rest.
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40
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41 ## Sending stanzas
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42
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43 The API endpoint becomes available at the path `/rest`, so the full URL
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44 will be something like `https://your-prosody.example:5281/rest`.
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45
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46 To try it, simply `curl` an XML stanza payload:
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47
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48 ``` {.sh}
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49 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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50 --user username \
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51 -H 'Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml' \
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52 --data-binary '<message type="chat" to="user@example.org">
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53 <body>Hello!</body>
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54 </body>'
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55 ```
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56
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57 or a JSON payload:
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58
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59 ``` {.sh}
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60 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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61 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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62 -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
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63 --data-binary '{
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64 "body" : "Hello!",
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65 "kind" : "message",
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66 "to" : "user@example.org",
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67 "type" : "chat"
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68 }'
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69 ```
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70
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71 The `Content-Type` header is important!
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72
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73 ### Parameters in path
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74
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75 New alternative format with the parameters `kind`, `type`, and `to`
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76 embedded in the path:
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77
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78 ```
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79 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest/message/chat/john@example.com \
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80 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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81 -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
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82 --data-binary 'Hello John!'
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83 ```
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84
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85 ### Replies
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86
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87 A POST containing an `<iq>` stanza automatically wait for the reply,
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88 long-polling style.
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89
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90 ``` {.sh}
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91 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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92 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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93 -H 'Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml' \
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94 --data-binary '<iq type="get" to="example.net">
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95 <ping xmlns="urn:xmpp:ping"/>
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96 </iq>'
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97 ```
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98
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99 Replies to other kinds of stanzas that are generated by the same Prosody
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100 instance *MAY* be returned in the HTTP response. Replies from other
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101 entities (connected clients or remote servers) will not be returned, but
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102 can be forwarded via the callback API described in the next section.
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103
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104 ### Simple info queries
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105
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106 A subset of IQ stanzas can be sent as simple GET requests
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107
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108 ```
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109 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest/version/example.com \
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110 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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111 -H 'Accept: application/json'
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112 ```
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113
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114 The supported queries are
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115
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116 - `disco`
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117 - `items`
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118 - `version`
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119 - `ping`
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120
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121 ## Receiving stanzas
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122
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123 TL;DR: Set this webhook callback URL, get XML `POST`-ed there.
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124
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125 ``` {.lua}
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126 Component "rest.example.net" "rest"
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127 rest_callback_url = "http://my-api.example:9999/stanzas"
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128 ```
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129
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130 To enable JSON payloads set
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131
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132 ``` {.lua}
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133 rest_callback_content_type = "application/json"
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134 ```
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135
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136 Example callback looks like:
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137
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138 ``` {.xml}
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139 POST /stanzas HTTP/1.1
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140 Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml
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141 Content-Length: 102
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142
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143 <message to="bot@rest.example.net" from="user@example.com" type="chat">
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144 <body>Hello</body>
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145 </message>
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146 ```
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147
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148 or as JSON:
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149
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150 ``` {.json}
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151 POST /stanzas HTTP/1.1
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152 Content-Type: application/json
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153 Content-Length: 133
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154
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155 {
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156 "body" : "Hello",
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157 "from" : "user@example.com",
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158 "kind" : "message",
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159 "to" : "bot@rest.example.net",
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160 "type" : "chat"
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161 }
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162 ```
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163
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164 ### Replying
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165
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166 To accept the stanza without returning a reply, respond with HTTP status
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167 code `202` or `204`.
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168
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169 HTTP status codes in the `4xx` and `5xx` range are mapped to an
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170 appropriate stanza error.
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171
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172 For full control over the response, set the `Content-Type` header to
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173 `application/xmpp+xml` and return an XMPP stanza as an XML snippet.
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174
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175 ``` {.xml}
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176 HTTP/1.1 200 Ok
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177 Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml
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178
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179 <message type="chat">
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180 <body>Yes, this is bot</body>
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181 </message>
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182 ```
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183
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184 ## Payload format
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185
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186 ### JSON
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187
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188 ``` {.json}
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189 {
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190 "body" : "Hello!",
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191 "kind" : "message",
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192 "type" : "chat"
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193 }
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194 ```
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195
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196 Further JSON object keys as follows:
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197
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198 #### Messages
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199
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200 `kind`
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201 : `"message"`
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202
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203 `type`
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204 : Commonly `"chat"` for 1-to-1 messages and `"groupchat"` for group
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205 chat messages. Others include `"normal"`, `"headline"` and
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206 `"error"`.
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207
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208 `body`
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209 : Human-readable message text.
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210
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211 `subject`
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212 : Message subject or MUC topic.
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213
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214 `html`
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215 : HTML.
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216
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217 `oob_url`
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218 : URL of an out-of-band resource, often used for images.
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219
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220 #### Presence
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221
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222 `kind`
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223 : `"presence"`
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224
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225 `type`
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226 : Empty for online or `"unavailable"` for offline.
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227
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228 `show`
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229 : [Online
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230 status](https://xmpp.org/rfcs/rfc6121.html#presence-syntax-children-show),
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231 `away`, `dnd` etc.
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232
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233 `status`
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234 : Human-readable status message.
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235
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236 `join`
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237 : Boolean. Join a group chat.
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238
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239 #### Info-Queries
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240
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241 Only one type of payload can be included in an `iq`.
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242
3827
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243 `kind`
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244 : `"iq"`
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245
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246 `type`
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247 : `"get"` or `"set"` for queries, `"response"` or `"error"` for
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248 replies.
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249
3826
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250 `ping`
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251 : Send a ping. Get a pong. Maybe.
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252
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253 `disco`
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254 : Retrieve service discovery information about an entity.
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255
3828
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256 `items`
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257 : Discover list of items (other services, groupchats etc).
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258
3813
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259 ### XML
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260
3800
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261 ``` {.xml}
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262 <message type="" id="" to="" from="" xml:lang="">
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263 ...
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264 </message>
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265 ```
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266
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267 An XML declaration (`<?xml?>`) **MUST NOT** be included.
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268
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269 The payload MUST contain one (1) `message`, `presence` or `iq` stanza.
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270
3801
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271 The stanzas MUST NOT have an `xmlns` attribute, and the default/empty
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272 namespace is treated as `jabber:client`.
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273
3808
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274 # Examples
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275
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276 ## Python / Flask
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277
3820
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278 Simple echo bot that responds to messages as XML:
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279
3813
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280 ``` {.python}
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281 from flask import Flask, Response, request
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282 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
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283
3809
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284 app = Flask("echobot")
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285
3808
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286
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287 @app.before_request
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288 def parse():
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289 request.stanza = ET.fromstring(request.data)
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290
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291
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292 @app.route("/", methods=["POST"])
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293 def hello():
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294 if request.stanza.tag == "message":
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295 return Response(
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296 "<message><body>Yes this is bot</body></message>",
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297 content_type="application/xmpp+xml",
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298 )
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299
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300 return Response(status=501)
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301
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302
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303 if __name__ == "__main__":
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304 app.run()
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305 ```
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306
3820
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307 And a JSON variant:
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308
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309 ``` {.python}
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310 from flask import Flask, Response, request, jsonify
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311
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312 app = Flask("echobot")
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313
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314
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315 @app.route("/", methods=["POST"])
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316 def hello():
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317 print(request.data)
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318 if request.is_json:
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319 data = request.get_json()
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320 if data["kind"] == "message":
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321 return jsonify({"body": "hello"})
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322
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323 return Response(status=501)
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324
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325
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326 if __name__ == "__main__":
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327 app.run()
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328 ```
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329
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330 Remember to set `rest_callback_content_type = "application/json"` for
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331 this to work.
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332
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333 # JSON mapping
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334
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335 This section describes the JSON mapping. It can't represent any possible
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336 stanza, for full flexibility use the XML mode.
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337
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338 ## Stanza basics
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339
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340 `kind`
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341 : String representing the kind of stanza, one of `"message"`,
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342 `"presence"` or `"iq"`.
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343
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344 `type`
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345 : String with the type of stanza, appropriate values vary depending on
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346 `kind`, see [RFC 6121]. E.g.`"chat"` for *message* stanzas etc.
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347
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348 `to`
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349 : String containing the XMPP Address of the destination / recipient of
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350 the stanza.
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351
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352 `from`
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353 : String containing the XMPP Address of the sender the stanza.
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354
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355 `id`
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356 : String with a reasonably unique identifier for the stanza.
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357
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358 ## Basic Payloads
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359
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360 ### Messages
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361
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362 `body`
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363 : String, human readable text message.
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364
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365 `subject`
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366 : String, human readable summary equivalent to an email subject or the
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367 chat room topic in a `type:groupchat` message.
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368
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369 ### Presence
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370
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371 `show`
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372 : String representing availability, e.g. `"away"`, `"dnd"`. No value
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373 means a normal online status. See [RFC 6121] for the full list.
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374
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375 `status`
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376 : String with a human readable text message describing availability.
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377
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378 ## More payloads
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379
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380 ### Messages
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381
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382 `state`
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383 : String with current chat state, e.g. `"active"` (default) and
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384 `"composing"` (typing).
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385
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386 `html`
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387 : String with HTML allowing rich formatting. **MUST** be contained in a
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388 `<body>` element.
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389
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390 `oob_url`
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391 : String with an URL of an external resource.
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392
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393 ### Presence
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394
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395 `join`
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396 : Boolean, used to join group chats.
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397
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398 ### IQ
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399
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400 `ping`
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401 : Boolean, a simple ping query. "Pongs" have only basic fields
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402 presents.
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403
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404 `version`
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405 : Map with `name`, `version` fields, and optionally an `os` field, to
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406 describe the software.
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407
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408 #### Service Discovery
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409
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410 `disco`
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411
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412 : Boolean `true` in a `kind:iq` `type:get` for a service discovery
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413 query.
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414
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415 Responses have a map containing an array of available features in
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416 the `features` key and an array of "identities" in the `identities`
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417 key. Each identity has a `category` and `type` field as well as an
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418 optional `name` field. See [XEP-0030] for further details.
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419
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420 `items`
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421 : Boolean `true` in a `kind:iq` `type:get` for a service discovery
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422 items list query. The response contain an array of items like
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423 `{"jid":"xmpp.address.here","name":"Description of item"}`.
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424
3953
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425 `extensions`
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426 : Map of extended feature discovery (see [XEP-0128]) data with
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427 `FORM_DATA` fields as the keys pointing at maps with the rest of the
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428 data.
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429
3890
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430 #### Ad-Hoc Commands
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431
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432 Used to execute arbitrary commands on supporting entities.
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433
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434 `command`
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435
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436 : String representing the command `node` or Map with the following
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437 possible fields:
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438
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439 `node`
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440 : Required string with node from disco\#items query for the
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441 command to execute.
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442
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443 `action`
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444 : Optional enum string defaulting to `"execute"`. Multi-step
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445 commands may involve `"next"`, `"prev"`, `"complete"` or
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446 `"cancel"`.
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447
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448 `actions`
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449 : Set (map of strings to `true`) with available actions to proceed
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450 with in multi-step commands.
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451
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452 `status`
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453 : String describing the status of the command, normally
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454 `"executing"`.
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455
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456 `sessionid`
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457 : Random session ID issued by the responder to identify the
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458 session in multi-step commands.
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459
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460 `note`
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461 : Map with `"type"` and `"text"` fields that carry simple result
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462 information.
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463
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464 `form`
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465 : Data form with description of expected input and data types in
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466 the next step of multi-step commands. **TODO** document format.
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467
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468 `data`
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469 : Map with only the data for result dataforms. Fields may be
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470 strings or arrays of strings.
3890
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471
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472 ##### Example
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473
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474 Discovering commands:
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475
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476 ``` {.json}
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477 {
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478 "items" : {
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479 "node" : "http://jabber.org/protocol/commands"
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480 },
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481 "id" : "8iN9hwdAAcfTBchm",
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482 "kind" : "iq",
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483 "to" : "example.com",
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484 "type" : "get"
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485 }
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486 ```
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487
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488 Response:
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489
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490 ``` {.json}
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491 {
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492 "from" : "example.com",
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493 "id" : "8iN9hwdAAcfTBchm",
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494 "items" : [
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495 {
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496 "jid" : "example.com",
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497 "name" : "Get uptime",
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498 "node" : "uptime"
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499 }
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500 ],
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501 "kind" : "iq",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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502 "type" : "result"
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503 }
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504 ```
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505
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506 Execute the command:
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507
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508 ``` {.json}
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509 {
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510 "command" : {
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511 "node" : "uptime"
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512 },
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513 "id" : "Jv-87nRaP6Mnrp8l",
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514 "kind" : "iq",
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515 "to" : "example.com",
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516 "type" : "set"
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517 }
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518 ```
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parents: 3857
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519
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520 Executed:
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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diff changeset
521
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522 ``` {.json}
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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523 {
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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524 "command" : {
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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525 "node" : "uptime",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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526 "note" : {
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Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
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527 "text" : "This server has been running for 0 days, 20 hours and 54 minutes (since Fri Feb 7 18:05:30 2020)",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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528 "type" : "info"
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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diff changeset
529 },
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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530 "sessionid" : "6380880a-93e9-4f13-8ee2-171927a40e67",
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531 "status" : "completed"
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532 },
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533 "from" : "example.com",
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534 "id" : "Jv-87nRaP6Mnrp8l",
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535 "kind" : "iq",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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parents: 3857
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536 "type" : "result"
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Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
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537 }
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
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538 ```
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
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539
4275
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diff changeset
540 # TODO
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diff changeset
541
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Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
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542 - Describe multi-step commands with dataforms.
bb111148d031 mod_rest: Expand TODO
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 4168
diff changeset
543 - Versioned API, i.e. /v1/stanzas
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Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 4168
diff changeset
544 - Bind resource to webhook/callback
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545
3794
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parents:
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546 # Compatibility
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parents:
diff changeset
547
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548 Requires Prosody trunk / 0.12