Mercurial > prosody-modules

annotate mod_rest/README.markdown @ 4499:8e644bf36627

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mod_rest: Change OOB namespace to the one used in messages Because of it's current popularity as companion to HTTP Upload this is probably more useful than the iq one.
author Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
date Sun, 07 Mar 2021 01:26:20 +0100
parents 7ab0c423688a
children 508cb880b163
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1 ---
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2 labels:
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3 - 'Stage-Alpha'
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4 summary: RESTful XMPP API
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5 rockspec:
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6 build:
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7 modules:
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8 mod_rest.jsonmap: jsonmap.lib.lua
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9 copy_directories:
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10 - example
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11 ---
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12
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13 # Introduction
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14
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15 This is yet another RESTful API for sending and receiving stanzas via
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16 Prosody. It can be used to build bots and components implemented as HTTP
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17 services.
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18
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19 # Usage
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20
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21 ## On VirtualHosts
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22
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23 ```lua
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24 VirtualHost "example.com"
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25 modules_enabled = {"rest"}
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26 ```
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27
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28 ## As a Component
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29
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30 ``` {.lua}
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31 Component "rest.example.net" "rest"
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32 component_secret = "dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K"
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33 modules_enabled = {"http_oauth2"}
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34 ```
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35
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36 ## OAuth2
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37
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38 [mod_http_oauth2] can be used to grant bearer tokens which are
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39 accepted by mod_rest.
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40
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41 ## Sending stanzas
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42
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43 The API endpoint becomes available at the path `/rest`, so the full URL
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44 will be something like `https://your-prosody.example:5281/rest`.
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45
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46 To try it, simply `curl` an XML stanza payload:
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47
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48 ``` {.sh}
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49 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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50 --user username \
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51 -H 'Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml' \
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52 --data-binary '<message type="chat" to="user@example.org">
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53 <body>Hello!</body>
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54 </body>'
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55 ```
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56
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57 or a JSON payload:
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58
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59 ``` {.sh}
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60 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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61 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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62 -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
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63 --data-binary '{
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64 "body" : "Hello!",
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65 "kind" : "message",
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66 "to" : "user@example.org",
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67 "type" : "chat"
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68 }'
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69 ```
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70
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71 The `Content-Type` header is important!
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72
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73 ### Parameters in path
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74
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75 New alternative format with the parameters `kind`, `type`, and `to`
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76 embedded in the path:
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77
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78 ```
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79 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest/message/chat/john@example.com \
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80 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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81 -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
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82 --data-binary 'Hello John!'
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83 ```
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84
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85 ### Replies
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86
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87 A POST containing an `<iq>` stanza automatically wait for the reply,
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88 long-polling style.
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89
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90 ``` {.sh}
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91 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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92 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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93 -H 'Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml' \
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94 --data-binary '<iq type="get" to="example.net">
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95 <ping xmlns="urn:xmpp:ping"/>
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96 </iq>'
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97 ```
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98
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99 Replies to other kinds of stanzas that are generated by the same Prosody
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100 instance *MAY* be returned in the HTTP response. Replies from other
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101 entities (connected clients or remote servers) will not be returned, but
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102 can be forwarded via the callback API described in the next section.
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103
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104 ### Simple info queries
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105
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106 A subset of IQ stanzas can be sent as simple GET requests
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107
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108 ```
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109 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest/version/example.com \
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110 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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111 -H 'Accept: application/json'
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112 ```
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113
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114 The supported queries are
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115
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116 - `disco`
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117 - `items`
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118 - `version`
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119 - `ping`
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120
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121 ## Receiving stanzas
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122
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123 TL;DR: Set this webhook callback URL, get XML `POST`-ed there.
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124
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125 ``` {.lua}
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126 Component "rest.example.net" "rest"
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127 rest_callback_url = "http://my-api.example:9999/stanzas"
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128 ```
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129
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130 To enable JSON payloads set
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131
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132 ``` {.lua}
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133 rest_callback_content_type = "application/json"
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134 ```
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135
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136 Example callback looks like:
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137
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138 ``` {.xml}
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139 POST /stanzas HTTP/1.1
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140 Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml
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141 Content-Length: 102
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142
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143 <message to="bot@rest.example.net" from="user@example.com" type="chat">
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144 <body>Hello</body>
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145 </message>
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146 ```
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147
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148 or as JSON:
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149
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150 ``` {.json}
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151 POST /stanzas HTTP/1.1
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152 Content-Type: application/json
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153 Content-Length: 133
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154
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155 {
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156 "body" : "Hello",
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157 "from" : "user@example.com",
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158 "kind" : "message",
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159 "to" : "bot@rest.example.net",
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160 "type" : "chat"
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161 }
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162 ```
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163
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164 ### Replying
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165
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166 To accept the stanza without returning a reply, respond with HTTP status
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167 code `202` or `204`.
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168
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169 HTTP status codes in the `4xx` and `5xx` range are mapped to an
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170 appropriate stanza error.
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171
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172 For full control over the response, set the `Content-Type` header to
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173 `application/xmpp+xml` and return an XMPP stanza as an XML snippet.
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174
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175 ``` {.xml}
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176 HTTP/1.1 200 Ok
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177 Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml
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178
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179 <message type="chat">
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180 <body>Yes, this is bot</body>
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181 </message>
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182 ```
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183
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184 ## Payload format
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185
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186 ### JSON
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187
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188 ``` {.json}
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189 {
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190 "body" : "Hello!",
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191 "kind" : "message",
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192 "type" : "chat"
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193 }
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194 ```
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195
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196 Further JSON object keys as follows:
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197
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198 #### Messages
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199
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200 `kind`
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201 : `"message"`
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202
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203 `type`
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204 : Commonly `"chat"` for 1-to-1 messages and `"groupchat"` for group
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205 chat messages. Others include `"normal"`, `"headline"` and
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206 `"error"`.
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207
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208 `body`
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209 : Human-readable message text.
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210
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211 `subject`
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212 : Message subject or MUC topic.
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213
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214 `html`
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215 : HTML.
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216
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217 `oob_url`
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218 : URL of an out-of-band resource, often used for images.
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219
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220 #### Presence
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221
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222 `kind`
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223 : `"presence"`
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224
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225 `type`
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226 : Empty for online or `"unavailable"` for offline.
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227
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228 `show`
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229 : [Online
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230 status](https://xmpp.org/rfcs/rfc6121.html#presence-syntax-children-show),
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231 `away`, `dnd` etc.
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232
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233 `status`
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234 : Human-readable status message.
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235
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236 `join`
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237 : Boolean. Join a group chat.
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238
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239 #### Info-Queries
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240
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241 Only one type of payload can be included in an `iq`.
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242
3827
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243 `kind`
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244 : `"iq"`
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245
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246 `type`
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247 : `"get"` or `"set"` for queries, `"response"` or `"error"` for
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248 replies.
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249
3826
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250 `ping`
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251 : Send a ping. Get a pong. Maybe.
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252
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253 `disco`
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254 : Retrieve service discovery information about an entity.
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255
3828
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256 `items`
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257 : Discover list of items (other services, groupchats etc).
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258
3813
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259 ### XML
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260
3800
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261 ``` {.xml}
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262 <message type="" id="" to="" from="" xml:lang="">
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263 ...
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264 </message>
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265 ```
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266
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267 An XML declaration (`<?xml?>`) **MUST NOT** be included.
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268
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269 The payload MUST contain one (1) `message`, `presence` or `iq` stanza.
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270
3801
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271 The stanzas MUST NOT have an `xmlns` attribute, and the default/empty
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272 namespace is treated as `jabber:client`.
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273
3808
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274 # Examples
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275
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276 ## Python / Flask
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277
3820
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278 Simple echo bot that responds to messages as XML:
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279
3813
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280 ``` {.python}
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281 from flask import Flask, Response, request
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282 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
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283
3809
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284 app = Flask("echobot")
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285
3808
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286
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287 @app.before_request
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288 def parse():
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289 request.stanza = ET.fromstring(request.data)
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290
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291
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292 @app.route("/", methods=["POST"])
3808
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293 def hello():
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294 if request.stanza.tag == "message":
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295 return Response(
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296 "<message><body>Yes this is bot</body></message>",
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297 content_type="application/xmpp+xml",
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298 )
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299
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300 return Response(status=501)
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301
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302
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303 if __name__ == "__main__":
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304 app.run()
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305 ```
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306
3820
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307 And a JSON variant:
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308
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309 ``` {.python}
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310 from flask import Flask, Response, request, jsonify
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311
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312 app = Flask("echobot")
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313
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314
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315 @app.route("/", methods=["POST"])
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316 def hello():
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317 print(request.data)
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318 if request.is_json:
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319 data = request.get_json()
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320 if data["kind"] == "message":
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321 return jsonify({"body": "hello"})
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322
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323 return Response(status=501)
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324
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325
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326 if __name__ == "__main__":
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327 app.run()
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328 ```
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329
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330 Remember to set `rest_callback_content_type = "application/json"` for
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331 this to work.
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332
3857
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333 # JSON mapping
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334
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335 This section describes the JSON mapping. It can't represent any possible
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336 stanza, for full flexibility use the XML mode.
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337
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338 ## Stanza basics
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339
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340 `kind`
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341 : String representing the kind of stanza, one of `"message"`,
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342 `"presence"` or `"iq"`.
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343
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344 `type`
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345 : String with the type of stanza, appropriate values vary depending on
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346 `kind`, see [RFC 6121]. E.g.`"chat"` for *message* stanzas etc.
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347
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348 `to`
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349 : String containing the XMPP Address of the destination / recipient of
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350 the stanza.
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351
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352 `from`
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353 : String containing the XMPP Address of the sender the stanza.
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354
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355 `id`
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356 : String with a reasonably unique identifier for the stanza.
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357
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358 ## Basic Payloads
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359
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360 ### Messages
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361
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362 `body`
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363 : String, human readable text message.
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364
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365 `subject`
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366 : String, human readable summary equivalent to an email subject or the
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367 chat room topic in a `type:groupchat` message.
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368
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369 ### Presence
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370
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371 `show`
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372 : String representing availability, e.g. `"away"`, `"dnd"`. No value
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373 means a normal online status. See [RFC 6121] for the full list.
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374
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375 `status`
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376 : String with a human readable text message describing availability.
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377
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378 ## More payloads
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379
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380 ### Messages
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381
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382 `state`
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383 : String with current chat state, e.g. `"active"` (default) and
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384 `"composing"` (typing).
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385
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386 `html`
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387 : String with HTML allowing rich formating. **MUST** be contained in a
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388 `<body>` element.
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389
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390 `oob_url`
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391 : String with an URL of an external resource.
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392
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393 ### Presence
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394
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395 `join`
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396 : Boolean, used to join group chats.
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397
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398 ### IQ
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399
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400 `ping`
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401 : Boolean, a simple ping query. "Pongs" have only basic fields
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402 presents.
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403
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404 `version`
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405 : Map with `name`, `version` fields, and optionally an `os` field, to
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406 describe the software.
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407
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408 #### Service Discovery
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409
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410 `disco`
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411
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412 : Boolean `true` in a `kind:iq` `type:get` for a service discovery
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413 query.
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414
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415 Responses have a map containing an array of available features in
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416 the `features` key and an array of "identities" in the `identities`
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417 key. Each identity has a `category` and `type` field as well as an
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418 optional `name` field. See [XEP-0030] for further details.
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419
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420 `items`
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421 : Boolean `true` in a `kind:iq` `type:get` for a service discovery
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422 items list query. The response contain an array of items like
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423 `{"jid":"xmpp.address.here","name":"Description of item"}`.
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424
3953
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425 `extensions`
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426 : Map of extended feature discovery (see [XEP-0128]) data with
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427 `FORM_DATA` fields as the keys pointing at maps with the rest of the
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428 data.
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429
3890
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430 #### Ad-Hoc Commands
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431
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432 Used to execute arbitrary commands on supporting entities.
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433
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434 `command`
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435
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436 : String representing the command `node` or Map with the following
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437 possible fields:
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438
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439 `node`
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440 : Required string with node from disco\#items query for the
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441 command to execute.
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442
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443 `action`
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444 : Optional enum string defaulting to `"execute"`. Multi-step
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445 commands may involve `"next"`, `"prev"`, `"complete"` or
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446 `"cancel"`.
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447
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448 `actions`
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449 : Set (map of strings to `true`) with available actions to proceed
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450 with in multi-step commands.
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451
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452 `status`
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453 : String describing the status of the command, normally
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454 `"executing"`.
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455
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456 `sessionid`
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457 : Random session ID issued by the responder to identify the
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458 session in multi-step commands.
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459
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460 `note`
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461 : Map with `"type"` and `"text"` fields that carry simple result
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462 information.
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463
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464 `form`
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465 : Data form with description of expected input and data types in
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466 the next step of multi-step commands. **TODO** document format.
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467
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468 `data`
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469 : Map with only the data for result dataforms. Fields may be
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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470 stings or arrays of strings.
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471
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472 ##### Example
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473
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474 Discovering commands:
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475
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476 ``` {.json}
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477 {
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478 "items" : {
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479 "node" : "http://jabber.org/protocol/commands"
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480 },
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481 "id" : "8iN9hwdAAcfTBchm",
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482 "kind" : "iq",
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483 "to" : "example.com",
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484 "type" : "get"
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485 }
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486 ```
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487
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488 Response:
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489
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490 ``` {.json}
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491 {
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492 "from" : "example.com",
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493 "id" : "8iN9hwdAAcfTBchm",
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494 "items" : [
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495 {
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496 "jid" : "example.com",
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497 "name" : "Get uptime",
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498 "node" : "uptime"
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499 }
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500 ],
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501 "kind" : "iq",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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502 "type" : "result"
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503 }
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504 ```
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505
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506 Execute the command:
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507
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508 ``` {.json}
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509 {
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510 "command" : {
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511 "node" : "uptime"
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512 },
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513 "id" : "Jv-87nRaP6Mnrp8l",
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514 "kind" : "iq",
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515 "to" : "example.com",
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516 "type" : "set"
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517 }
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518 ```
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parents: 3857
diff changeset
519
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520 Executed:
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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diff changeset
521
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522 ``` {.json}
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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523 {
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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524 "command" : {
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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525 "node" : "uptime",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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526 "note" : {
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Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
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527 "text" : "This server has been running for 0 days, 20 hours and 54 minutes (since Fri Feb 7 18:05:30 2020)",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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528 "type" : "info"
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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diff changeset
529 },
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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530 "sessionid" : "6380880a-93e9-4f13-8ee2-171927a40e67",
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531 "status" : "completed"
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Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
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532 },
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533 "from" : "example.com",
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534 "id" : "Jv-87nRaP6Mnrp8l",
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535 "kind" : "iq",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 3857
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536 "type" : "result"
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Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
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537 }
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Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
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538 ```
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
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539
4275
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diff changeset
540 # TODO
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541
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Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
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542 - Describe multi-step commands with dataforms.
bb111148d031 mod_rest: Expand TODO
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 4168
diff changeset
543 - Versioned API, i.e. /v1/stanzas
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Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 4168
diff changeset
544 - Bind resource to webhook/callback
3890
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545
3794
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parents:
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546 # Compatibility
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parents:
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547
4b258329e6e4 mod_rest: Initial commit of another RESTful API module
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548 Requires Prosody trunk / 0.12