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annotate mod_rest/README.markdown @ 4565:3b2ae854842c

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mod_muc_bot: Save occupant to room This has some side-effects: Firstly, the bot shows up in occupant list, which is nice. Secondly, the bot starts receiving messages from the room which might be wanted, but it would be better to join the room for real in this case.
author Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
date Sat, 10 Apr 2021 19:23:25 +0200
parents dc35d2932d3e
children b9f8dd9a7fdb
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1 ---
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2 labels:
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3 - 'Stage-Alpha'
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4 summary: RESTful XMPP API
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5 rockspec:
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6 build:
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7 modules:
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8 mod_rest.jsonmap: jsonmap.lib.lua
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9 copy_directories:
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10 - example
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11 - res
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12 ---
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13
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14 # Introduction
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15
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16 This is yet another RESTful API for sending and receiving stanzas via
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17 Prosody. It can be used to build bots and components implemented as HTTP
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18 services. It is the spiritual successor to [mod_post_msg] and absorbs
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19 use cases from [mod_http_rest] and [mod_component_http] and other such
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20 modules floating around the Internet.
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21
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22 # Usage
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23
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24 ## On VirtualHosts
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25
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26 ```lua
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27 VirtualHost "example.com"
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28 modules_enabled = {"rest"}
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29 ```
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30
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31 ## As a Component
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32
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33 ``` {.lua}
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34 Component "rest.example.net" "rest"
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35 component_secret = "dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K"
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36 modules_enabled = {"http_oauth2"}
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37 ```
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38
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39 ## OAuth2
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40
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41 [mod_http_oauth2] can be used to grant bearer tokens which are
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42 accepted by mod_rest.
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43
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44 ## Sending stanzas
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45
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46 The API endpoint becomes available at the path `/rest`, so the full URL
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47 will be something like `https://your-prosody.example:5281/rest`.
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48
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49 To try it, simply `curl` an XML stanza payload:
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50
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51 ``` {.sh}
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52 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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53 --user username \
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54 -H 'Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml' \
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55 --data-binary '<message type="chat" to="user@example.org">
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56 <body>Hello!</body>
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57 </body>'
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58 ```
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59
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60 or a JSON payload:
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61
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62 ``` {.sh}
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63 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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64 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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65 -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
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66 --data-binary '{
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67 "body" : "Hello!",
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68 "kind" : "message",
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69 "to" : "user@example.org",
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70 "type" : "chat"
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71 }'
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72 ```
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73
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74 The `Content-Type` header is important!
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75
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76 ### Parameters in path
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77
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78 New alternative format with the parameters `kind`, `type`, and `to`
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79 embedded in the path:
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80
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81 ```
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82 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest/message/chat/john@example.com \
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83 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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84 -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
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85 --data-binary 'Hello John!'
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86 ```
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87
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88 ### Replies
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89
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90 A POST containing an `<iq>` stanza automatically wait for the reply,
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91 long-polling style.
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92
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93 ``` {.sh}
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94 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest \
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95 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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96 -H 'Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml' \
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97 --data-binary '<iq type="get" to="example.net">
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98 <ping xmlns="urn:xmpp:ping"/>
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99 </iq>'
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100 ```
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101
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102 Replies to other kinds of stanzas that are generated by the same Prosody
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103 instance *MAY* be returned in the HTTP response. Replies from other
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104 entities (connected clients or remote servers) will not be returned, but
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105 can be forwarded via the callback API described in the next section.
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106
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107 ### Simple info queries
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108
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109 A subset of IQ stanzas can be sent as simple GET requests
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110
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111 ```
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112 curl https://prosody.example:5281/rest/version/example.com \
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113 --oauth2-bearer dmVyeSBzZWNyZXQgdG9rZW4K \
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114 -H 'Accept: application/json'
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115 ```
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116
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117 The supported queries are
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118
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119 - `disco`
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120 - `items`
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121 - `version`
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122 - `ping`
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123
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124 ## Receiving stanzas
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125
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126 TL;DR: Set this webhook callback URL, get XML `POST`-ed there.
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127
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128 ``` {.lua}
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129 Component "rest.example.net" "rest"
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130 rest_callback_url = "http://my-api.example:9999/stanzas"
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131 ```
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132
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133 To enable JSON payloads set
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134
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135 ``` {.lua}
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136 rest_callback_content_type = "application/json"
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137 ```
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138
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139 Example callback looks like:
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140
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141 ``` {.xml}
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142 POST /stanzas HTTP/1.1
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143 Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml
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144 Content-Length: 102
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145
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146 <message to="bot@rest.example.net" from="user@example.com" type="chat">
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147 <body>Hello</body>
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148 </message>
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149 ```
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150
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151 or as JSON:
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152
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153 ``` {.json}
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154 POST /stanzas HTTP/1.1
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155 Content-Type: application/json
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156 Content-Length: 133
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157
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158 {
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159 "body" : "Hello",
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160 "from" : "user@example.com",
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161 "kind" : "message",
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162 "to" : "bot@rest.example.net",
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163 "type" : "chat"
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164 }
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165 ```
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166
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167 ### Replying
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168
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169 To accept the stanza without returning a reply, respond with HTTP status
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170 code `202` or `204`.
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171
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172 HTTP status codes in the `4xx` and `5xx` range are mapped to an
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173 appropriate stanza error.
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174
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175 For full control over the response, set the `Content-Type` header to
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176 `application/xmpp+xml` and return an XMPP stanza as an XML snippet.
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177
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178 ``` {.xml}
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179 HTTP/1.1 200 Ok
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180 Content-Type: application/xmpp+xml
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181
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182 <message type="chat">
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183 <body>Yes, this is bot</body>
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184 </message>
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185 ```
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186
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187 ## Payload format
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188
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189 ### JSON
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190
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191 ``` {.json}
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192 {
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193 "body" : "Hello!",
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194 "kind" : "message",
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195 "type" : "chat"
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196 }
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197 ```
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198
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199 Further JSON object keys as follows:
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200
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201 #### Messages
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202
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203 `kind`
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204 : `"message"`
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205
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206 `type`
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207 : Commonly `"chat"` for 1-to-1 messages and `"groupchat"` for group
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208 chat messages. Others include `"normal"`, `"headline"` and
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209 `"error"`.
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210
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211 `body`
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212 : Human-readable message text.
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213
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214 `subject`
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215 : Message subject or MUC topic.
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216
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217 `html`
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218 : HTML.
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219
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220 `oob_url`
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221 : URL of an out-of-band resource, often used for images.
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222
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223 #### Presence
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224
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225 `kind`
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226 : `"presence"`
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227
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228 `type`
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229 : Empty for online or `"unavailable"` for offline.
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230
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231 `show`
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232 : [Online
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233 status](https://xmpp.org/rfcs/rfc6121.html#presence-syntax-children-show),
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234 `away`, `dnd` etc.
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235
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236 `status`
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237 : Human-readable status message.
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238
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239 `join`
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240 : Boolean. Join a group chat.
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241
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242 #### Info-Queries
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243
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244 Only one type of payload can be included in an `iq`.
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245
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246 `kind`
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247 : `"iq"`
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248
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249 `type`
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250 : `"get"` or `"set"` for queries, `"response"` or `"error"` for
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251 replies.
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252
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253 `ping`
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254 : Send a ping. Get a pong. Maybe.
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255
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256 `disco`
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257 : Retrieve service discovery information about an entity.
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258
3828
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259 `items`
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260 : Discover list of items (other services, groupchats etc).
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261
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262 ### XML
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263
3800
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264 ``` {.xml}
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265 <message type="" id="" to="" from="" xml:lang="">
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266 ...
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267 </message>
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268 ```
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269
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270 An XML declaration (`<?xml?>`) **MUST NOT** be included.
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271
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272 The payload MUST contain one (1) `message`, `presence` or `iq` stanza.
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273
3801
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274 The stanzas MUST NOT have an `xmlns` attribute, and the default/empty
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275 namespace is treated as `jabber:client`.
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276
3808
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277 # Examples
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278
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279 ## Python / Flask
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280
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281 Simple echo bot that responds to messages as XML:
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282
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283 ``` {.python}
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284 from flask import Flask, Response, request
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285 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
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286
3809
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287 app = Flask("echobot")
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288
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289
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290 @app.before_request
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291 def parse():
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292 request.stanza = ET.fromstring(request.data)
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293
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294
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295 @app.route("/", methods=["POST"])
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296 def hello():
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297 if request.stanza.tag == "message":
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298 return Response(
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299 "<message><body>Yes this is bot</body></message>",
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300 content_type="application/xmpp+xml",
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301 )
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302
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303 return Response(status=501)
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304
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305
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306 if __name__ == "__main__":
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307 app.run()
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308 ```
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309
3820
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310 And a JSON variant:
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311
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312 ``` {.python}
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313 from flask import Flask, Response, request, jsonify
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314
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315 app = Flask("echobot")
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316
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317
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318 @app.route("/", methods=["POST"])
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319 def hello():
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320 print(request.data)
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321 if request.is_json:
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322 data = request.get_json()
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323 if data["kind"] == "message":
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324 return jsonify({"body": "hello"})
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325
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326 return Response(status=501)
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327
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328
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329 if __name__ == "__main__":
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330 app.run()
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331 ```
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332
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333 Remember to set `rest_callback_content_type = "application/json"` for
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334 this to work.
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335
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336 # JSON mapping
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337
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338 This section describes the JSON mapping. It can't represent any possible
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339 stanza, for full flexibility use the XML mode.
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340
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341 ## Stanza basics
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342
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343 `kind`
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344 : String representing the kind of stanza, one of `"message"`,
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345 `"presence"` or `"iq"`.
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346
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347 `type`
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348 : String with the type of stanza, appropriate values vary depending on
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349 `kind`, see [RFC 6121]. E.g.`"chat"` for *message* stanzas etc.
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350
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351 `to`
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352 : String containing the XMPP Address of the destination / recipient of
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353 the stanza.
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354
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355 `from`
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356 : String containing the XMPP Address of the sender the stanza.
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357
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358 `id`
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359 : String with a reasonably unique identifier for the stanza.
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360
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361 ## Basic Payloads
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362
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363 ### Messages
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364
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365 `body`
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366 : String, human readable text message.
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367
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368 `subject`
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369 : String, human readable summary equivalent to an email subject or the
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370 chat room topic in a `type:groupchat` message.
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371
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372 ### Presence
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373
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374 `show`
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375 : String representing availability, e.g. `"away"`, `"dnd"`. No value
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376 means a normal online status. See [RFC 6121] for the full list.
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377
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378 `status`
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379 : String with a human readable text message describing availability.
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380
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381 ## More payloads
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382
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383 ### Messages
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384
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385 `state`
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386 : String with current chat state, e.g. `"active"` (default) and
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387 `"composing"` (typing).
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388
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389 `html`
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390 : String with HTML allowing rich formatting. **MUST** be contained in a
3857
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391 `<body>` element.
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392
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393 `oob_url`
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394 : String with an URL of an external resource.
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395
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396 ### Presence
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397
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398 `join`
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399 : Boolean, used to join group chats.
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400
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401 ### IQ
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402
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403 `ping`
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404 : Boolean, a simple ping query. "Pongs" have only basic fields
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405 presents.
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406
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407 `version`
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408 : Map with `name`, `version` fields, and optionally an `os` field, to
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409 describe the software.
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410
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411 #### Service Discovery
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412
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413 `disco`
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414
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415 : Boolean `true` in a `kind:iq` `type:get` for a service discovery
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416 query.
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417
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418 Responses have a map containing an array of available features in
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419 the `features` key and an array of "identities" in the `identities`
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420 key. Each identity has a `category` and `type` field as well as an
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421 optional `name` field. See [XEP-0030] for further details.
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422
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423 `items`
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424 : Boolean `true` in a `kind:iq` `type:get` for a service discovery
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425 items list query. The response contain an array of items like
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426 `{"jid":"xmpp.address.here","name":"Description of item"}`.
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427
3953
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428 `extensions`
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429 : Map of extended feature discovery (see [XEP-0128]) data with
2c6d5734ae04 mod_rest: Add JSON mapping of XEP-0128: Service Discovery Extensions
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430 `FORM_DATA` fields as the keys pointing at maps with the rest of the
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431 data.
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432
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433 #### Ad-Hoc Commands
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434
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435 Used to execute arbitrary commands on supporting entities.
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436
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437 `command`
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438
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439 : String representing the command `node` or Map with the following
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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440 possible fields:
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441
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442 `node`
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443 : Required string with node from disco\#items query for the
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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444 command to execute.
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445
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446 `action`
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447 : Optional enum string defaulting to `"execute"`. Multi-step
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448 commands may involve `"next"`, `"prev"`, `"complete"` or
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449 `"cancel"`.
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450
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451 `actions`
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452 : Set (map of strings to `true`) with available actions to proceed
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453 with in multi-step commands.
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454
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455 `status`
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456 : String describing the status of the command, normally
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457 `"executing"`.
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458
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459 `sessionid`
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460 : Random session ID issued by the responder to identify the
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461 session in multi-step commands.
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462
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463 `note`
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464 : Map with `"type"` and `"text"` fields that carry simple result
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465 information.
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466
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467 `form`
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468 : Data form with description of expected input and data types in
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469 the next step of multi-step commands. **TODO** document format.
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470
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471 `data`
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472 : Map with only the data for result dataforms. Fields may be
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diff changeset
473 strings or arrays of strings.
3890
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474
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475 ##### Example
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476
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477 Discovering commands:
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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478
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479 ``` {.json}
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480 {
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481 "items" : {
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482 "node" : "http://jabber.org/protocol/commands"
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483 },
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484 "id" : "8iN9hwdAAcfTBchm",
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485 "kind" : "iq",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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486 "to" : "example.com",
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487 "type" : "get"
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488 }
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489 ```
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490
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491 Response:
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492
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493 ``` {.json}
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494 {
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495 "from" : "example.com",
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496 "id" : "8iN9hwdAAcfTBchm",
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497 "items" : [
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498 {
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parents: 3857
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499 "jid" : "example.com",
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parents: 3857
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500 "name" : "Get uptime",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
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501 "node" : "uptime"
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Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
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diff changeset
502 }
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parents: 3857
diff changeset
503 ],
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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504 "kind" : "iq",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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diff changeset
505 "type" : "result"
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parents: 3857
diff changeset
506 }
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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507 ```
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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diff changeset
508
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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509 Execute the command:
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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510
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511 ``` {.json}
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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512 {
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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513 "command" : {
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514 "node" : "uptime"
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 3857
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515 },
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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parents: 3857
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516 "id" : "Jv-87nRaP6Mnrp8l",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
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517 "kind" : "iq",
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518 "to" : "example.com",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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519 "type" : "set"
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Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
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520 }
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 3857
diff changeset
521 ```
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 3857
diff changeset
522
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Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 3857
diff changeset
523 Executed:
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 3857
diff changeset
524
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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parents: 3857
diff changeset
525 ``` {.json}
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 3857
diff changeset
526 {
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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diff changeset
527 "command" : {
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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diff changeset
528 "node" : "uptime",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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parents: 3857
diff changeset
529 "note" : {
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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parents: 3857
diff changeset
530 "text" : "This server has been running for 0 days, 20 hours and 54 minutes (since Fri Feb 7 18:05:30 2020)",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 3857
diff changeset
531 "type" : "info"
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 3857
diff changeset
532 },
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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parents: 3857
diff changeset
533 "sessionid" : "6380880a-93e9-4f13-8ee2-171927a40e67",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
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diff changeset
534 "status" : "completed"
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
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535 },
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 3857
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536 "from" : "example.com",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 3857
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537 "id" : "Jv-87nRaP6Mnrp8l",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
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538 "kind" : "iq",
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
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539 "type" : "result"
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 3857
diff changeset
540 }
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 3857
diff changeset
541 ```
117a979ef930 mod_rest/README: Describe Ad-Hoc command mapping
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 3857
diff changeset
542
4275
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Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 4168
diff changeset
543 # TODO
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parents: 4168
diff changeset
544
bb111148d031 mod_rest: Expand TODO
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 4168
diff changeset
545 - Describe multi-step commands with dataforms.
bb111148d031 mod_rest: Expand TODO
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 4168
diff changeset
546 - Versioned API, i.e. /v1/stanzas
bb111148d031 mod_rest: Expand TODO
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents: 4168
diff changeset
547 - Bind resource to webhook/callback
3890
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diff changeset
548
3794
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549 # Compatibility
4b258329e6e4 mod_rest: Initial commit of another RESTful API module
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
parents:
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550
4b258329e6e4 mod_rest: Initial commit of another RESTful API module
Kim Alvefur <zash@zash.se>
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diff changeset
551 Requires Prosody trunk / 0.12